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1.
Gọi G là trọng tâm tam giác
\(\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{OC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{OG}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow O\equiv G\)
\(\Rightarrow O\) là trọng tâm tam giác ABC
\(\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) đều
Gọi độ dài các cạnh tam giác là a
\(\overrightarrow{BN}.\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{4}a^2-\dfrac{1}{8}a^2-\dfrac{1}{8}a^2+\dfrac{1}{2}a^2=0\)
Mặt khác \(\overrightarrow{BN}.\overrightarrow{AM}=BN.AM.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AM};\overrightarrow{BN}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow BN.AM.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AM};\overrightarrow{BN}\right)=0\Rightarrow cos\left(\overrightarrow{AM};\overrightarrow{BN}\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{AM};\overrightarrow{BN}\right)=90^o\)
\(BD=\dfrac{AB}{cos45^o}=\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}=a\sqrt{2}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BQ}.\overrightarrow{BP}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}BA.BC.cos90^o+\dfrac{1}{4}BA.BD.cos45^o+\dfrac{1}{4}BD.BC.cos45^o+\dfrac{1}{4}BD^2\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}a^2+\dfrac{1}{4}a^2+\dfrac{1}{2}a^2=a^2\)
Tham khảo:
Dễ thấy: \(\overrightarrow {OA} = \overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {MA} \); \(\overrightarrow {OB} = \overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {MB} \)
Tương tự: \(\overrightarrow {OC} = \overrightarrow {ON} + \overrightarrow {NC} \); \(\overrightarrow {OD} = \overrightarrow {ON} + \overrightarrow {ND} \)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {OA} + \overrightarrow {OB} + \overrightarrow {OC} + \overrightarrow {OD} = \left( {\overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {MA} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {MB} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {ON} + \overrightarrow {NC} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {ON} + \overrightarrow {ND} } \right)\\ = \left( {\overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {MA} + \overrightarrow {MB} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {ON} + \overrightarrow {ON} + \overrightarrow {NC} + \overrightarrow {ND} } \right)\\ = \overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {ON} + \overrightarrow {ON} \\ = \left( {\overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {ON} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {OM} + \overrightarrow {ON} } \right)\\ = \overrightarrow 0 + \overrightarrow 0 \\ = \overrightarrow 0 .\end{array}\)
a.
Do M là trung điểm OB \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{OM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OB}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AO}+\overrightarrow{OM}=-\overrightarrow{OA}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OB}\)
b.
Do N là trung điểm OC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{ON}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BN}=\overrightarrow{BO}+\overrightarrow{ON}=-\overrightarrow{OB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{MN}=\overrightarrow{MO}+\overrightarrow{ON}=-\overrightarrow{OM}+\overrightarrow{ON}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OC}\)
Câu 1:
Dựng hình bình hành ABCD \(\Rightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{BA}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MC}+\overrightarrow{CD}\right|=MD\)
Hạ ME vuông góc với CD \(\Rightarrow CE=ME=\frac{1}{2}AC\) và \(DE=CD+CE\)
\(\Delta ABC\) vuông cân tại A, theo Pytago ta có:
\(AC=\frac{\sqrt{BC^2}}{2}=a\)
\(\Rightarrow ME=\frac{a}{2}\) và \(DE=CE+CD=\frac{a}{2}+a=\frac{3a}{2}\)
\(\Delta EDM\) vuông tại E, theo Pytago ta có:
\(MD=\sqrt{ME^2+ED^2}=\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{4}+\frac{9a^2}{4}}=\frac{a\sqrt{10}}{2}\)
Câu 2:
Dựng \(\overrightarrow{OC}=\frac{11}{4}\overrightarrow{OA}\Rightarrow OC=\frac{11}{4}a\), \(\overrightarrow{OD}=\frac{3}{7}\overrightarrow{OB}\Rightarrow OD=\frac{3}{7}a\)
Ta có:
\(\left|\overrightarrow{v}\right|=\left|\frac{11}{4}\overrightarrow{OA}-\frac{3}{7}\overrightarrow{OB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{OC}-\overrightarrow{OD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{DC}\right|=DC\)
Tam giác OCD vuông tại O, theo Pytago, ta có:
\(DC=\sqrt{OD^2+OC^2}=\sqrt{\frac{9a^2}{49}+\frac{121a^2}{16}}\)\(=a\sqrt{\frac{6073}{784}}\)
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AO}+\overrightarrow{AB}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AO}+\overrightarrow{AO}+\overrightarrow{OB}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2\overrightarrow{AO}+\overrightarrow{OB}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AO}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OB}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OB}-\overrightarrow{OA}\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
Câu b ) Bạn làm tương tự câu a , ta có vecto BN = 1/2 (BO +BC ) , rồi là như câu a
chúc bạn hok tốt
a: \(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}\)
c: \(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CA}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)
b)
\(\overrightarrow{AN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AO}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OA}\)
Vậy \(m=-\dfrac{1}{2};n=0\).
c)
\(\overrightarrow{MN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AO}+\overrightarrow{OB}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OA}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OB}\).
Vậy \(m=-\dfrac{1}{2};n=\dfrac{1}{2}\).
d)
\(\overrightarrow{MB}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{OB}\)
Vậy \(m=0;n=\dfrac{1}{2}\).