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Bài 18:
Ta có:
\(2015^{2015}-2015^{2014}=2015^{2014}\cdot\left(2015-1\right)=2015^{2014}\cdot2014\)
\(2015^{2016}-2015^{2015}=2015^{2015}\cdot\left(2015-1\right)=2015^{2015}\cdot2014\)
Mà: \(2014< 2015\)
\(\Rightarrow2015^{2014}< 2015^{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow2015^{2014}\cdot2014< 2015^{2015}\cdot2014\)
\(\Rightarrow2015^{2015}-2015^{2014}< 2015^{2016}-2015^{2015}\)
Vậy: ...
Lời giải:
a) Xét hiệu \(\frac{a+n}{b+n}-\frac{a}{b}=\frac{(a+n).b-a(b+n)}{b(b+n)}=\frac{n(b-a)}{b(b+n)}\)
Nếu $b>a$ thì $\frac{a+n}{b+n}-\frac{a}{b}>0\Rightarrow \frac{a+n}{b+n}>\frac{a}{b}$
Nếu $b<a$ thì $\frac{a+n}{b+n}-\frac{a}{b}<0\Rightarrow \frac{a+n}{b+n}<\frac{a}{b}$
Nếu $b=a$ thì $\frac{a+n}{b+n}-\frac{a}{b}=0\Rightarrow \frac{a+n}{b+n}=\frac{a}{b}$
b) Rõ ràng $10^{11}-1< 10^{12}-1$.
Đặt $10^{11}-1=a; 10^{12}-1=b; 11=n$ thì: $a< b$; $A=\frac{a}{b}$ và $B=\frac{10^{11}+10}{10^{12}+10}=\frac{a+n}{b+n}$
Áp dụng kết quả phần a:
$b>a\Rightarrow \frac{a+n}{b+n}>\frac{a}{b}$ hay $B>A$
A = \(\dfrac{n^9+1}{n^{10}+1}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{A}\) = \(\dfrac{n^{10}+1}{n^9+1}\) = n - \(\dfrac{n-1}{n^9+1}\)
B = \(\dfrac{n^8+1}{n^9+1}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{B}\) = \(\dfrac{n^9+1}{n^8+1}\) = n - \(\dfrac{n-1}{n^8+1}\)
Vì n > 1 ⇒ n - 1> 0
\(\dfrac{n-1}{n^9+1}\) < \(\dfrac{n-1}{n^8+1}\)
⇒ n - \(\dfrac{n-1}{n^9+1}\) > n - \(\dfrac{n-1}{n^8+1}\)⇒ \(\dfrac{1}{A}>\dfrac{1}{B}\)
⇒ A < B
2)Ta có: \(2^{332}< 2^{333}=\left(2^3\right)^{111}=8^{111}\)
\(3^{223}>3^{222}=\left(3^2\right)^{111}=9^{111}\)
Vì \(8^{111}< 9^{111}\) mà \(2^{332}< 8^{111},3^{223}>9^{111}\) nên suy ra \(2^{332}< 3^{223}\)
Vậy \(2^{332}< 3^{223}\)
1) \(A=\dfrac{10^{2013}+1}{10^{2014}+1}\Rightarrow10A=\dfrac{10^{2014}+10}{10^{2014}+1}=\dfrac{10^{2014}+1}{10^{2014}+1}+\dfrac{9}{10^{2014}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2014}+1}\)
\(B=\dfrac{10^{2014}+1}{10^{2015}+1}\Rightarrow10B=\dfrac{10^{2015}+10}{10^{2015}+1}=\dfrac{10^{2015}+1}{10^{2015}+1}+\dfrac{9}{10^{2015}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2015}+1}\)Vì: \(10^{2014}+1< 10^{2015}+1\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{10^{2014}+1}>\dfrac{9}{10^{2015}+1}\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2014}+1}>1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2015}+1}\)
Nên suy ra \(10A>10B\Rightarrow A>B\)
\(10A=\dfrac{10^{2021}+10}{10^{2021}+1}=\dfrac{\left(10^{2021}+1\right)+9}{10^{2021}+1}=\dfrac{10^{2021}+1}{10^{2021}+1}+\dfrac{9}{10^{2021}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2021}+1}\)
\(10B=\dfrac{10^{2022}+10}{10^{2022}+1}=\dfrac{\left(10^{2022}+1\right)+9}{10^{2022}+1}=\dfrac{10^{2022}+1}{10^{2022}+1}+\dfrac{9}{10^{2022}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\)
Vì \(10^{2022}>10^{2021}=>10^{2021}+1< 10^{2022}+1\)
\(=>\dfrac{9}{10^{2021}+1}>\dfrac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\)
\(=>10A>10B\)
\(=>A>B\)
a) Với a>b thì => (a+n).b=ab+bn>ab+an=a(b+n)=>(a+n).b>a.(b+n)
=> \(\frac{a+n}{b+n}>\frac{a}{b}\)
Với b>a thì chứng minh tương tự ta được \(\frac{a+n}{b+n}< \frac{a}{b}\)
Với a=b thì chứng minh tương tự ta được \(\frac{a+n}{b+n}=\frac{a}{b}\)
cho \(A=\frac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}\) và \(B=\frac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
giải
Ta có
\(A=\frac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow10.A=\frac{10^{12}-10}{10^{12}-1}=1-\frac{9}{10^{12}-1}\)
\(B=\frac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow10.B=\frac{10^{11}+10}{10^{11}+1}=1+\frac{9}{10^{11}+1}\)
VÌ 10.B > 1 và 10.A < 1
=> 10.B > 10.A
=> B > A
vậy A < B
