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a: A(x)=x^4+3x^3-2x^2+x+1
B(x)=2x^4-x^3+3x^2-4x-5
b: A(x)+B(x)
=x^4+3x^3-2x^2+x+1+2x^4-x^3+3x^2-4x-5
=3x^4+2x^3+x^2-3x-4
A(x)-B(x)
=x^4+3x^3-2x^2+x+1-2x^4+x^3-3x^2+4x+5
=-x^4+4x^3-5x^2+5x+6
Sắp xếp lại các hạng tử của Q(x) ta có :
Q(x) = –3x5 + x4 + 3x3 – 2x + 6.
Đặt và thực hiện các phép tính P(x) – Q(x) và Q(x) – P(x), ta có
Nhận xét : Các hệ số tương ứng của P(x) – Q(x) và Q(x) - P(x) đối nhau.
Chú ý : Ta gọi hai đa thức có các hệ số tương ứng đối nhau là đa thức đối nhau.
a) \(...=P\left(x\right)=2x^4-x^4+3x^3+4x^2-3x^2+3x-x+3\)
\(P\left(x\right)=x^4+3x^3+x^2+2x+3\)
\(...=Q\left(x\right)=x^4+x^3+3x^2-x^2+4x+4-2\)
\(Q\left(x\right)=x^4+x^3+2x^2+4x+2\)
b) \(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=\left(x^4+3x^3+x^2+2x+3\right)+\left(x^4+x^3+2x^2+4x+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=2x^4+4x^3+3x^2+6x+5\)
\(P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=\left(x^4+3x^3+x^2+2x+3\right)-\left(x^4+x^3+2x^2+4x+2\right)\)
\(\)\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=x^4+3x^3+x^2+2x+3-x^4-x^3-2x^2-4x-2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=2x^3-x^2-2x+1\)
`@`\(P\left(x\right)=3x^5-5x^2+x^4-2x-x^5+3x^4-x^2+x+1\)
\(P\left(x\right)=\left(3x^5-x^5\right)+x^4+\left(-5x^2-x^2\right)+\left(-2x+x\right)+1\)
\(P\left(x\right)=2x^5+x^4-6x^2-x+1\)
`@`\(Q\left(x\right)=-5-3x^5-2x+3x^2-x^5+2x-3x^3-3x^4\)
\(Q\left(x\right)=\left(-3x^5-x^5\right)-3x^4-3x^3+3x^2+\left(2x-2x\right)-5\)
\(Q\left(x\right)=-4x^5-3x^4-3x^3+3x^2-5\)
`@`\(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=\left(2x^5+x^4-6x^2-x+1\right)+\left(-4x^5-3x^4-3x^3+3x^2-5\right)\)
\(=-2x^5-2x^4-3x^3-3x^2-x-4\)
A(x)+B(x)=-2x^4+x^3+x^2+5x-5-x^4-3x^3+4x^2-6x+7
=-3x^4+4x^3+5x^2-x+2
A(x)-B(x)=-2x^4+x^3+x^2+5x-5+x^4+3x^3-4x^2+6x-7
=-x^4+4x^3-3x^2+11x-2
B(x)-C(x)
=-x^4-3x^3+4x^2-6x+7-x^3-x+2
=-x^4-4x^3+4x^2-7x+9
a: \(A\left(x\right)=9-x^5+4x-2x^3+x^2-7x^4\)
\(=-x^5-7x^4-2x^3+x^2+4x+9\)
\(B\left(x\right)=x^5-9+2x^2+7x^4+2x^3-3x\)
\(=x^5+7x^4+2x^3+2x^2-3x-9\)
b: A(x)+B(x)
\(=-x^5-7x^4-2x^3+x^2+4x+9+x^5+7x^4+2x^3+2x^2-3x-9\)
\(=3x^2+x\)
A(x)-B(x)
\(=-x^5-7x^4-2x^3+x^2+4x+9-x^5-7x^4-2x^3-2x^2+3x+9\)
\(=-2x^5-14x^4-4x^3-x^2+7x+18\)
`@` `\text {Ans}`
`\downarrow`
`a)`
Thu gọn:
`P(x)=`\(5x^4 + 3x^2 - 3x^5 + 2x - x^2 - 4 +2x^5\)
`= (-3x^5 + 2x^5) + 5x^4 + (3x^2 - x^2) + 2x - 4`
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4`
`Q(x) =`\(x^5 - 4x^4 + 7x - 2 + x^2 - x^3 + 3x^4 - 2x^2\)
`= x^5 + (-4x^4 + 3x^4) - x^3 + (x^2 - 2x^2) + 7x - 2`
`= x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2`
`@` Tổng:
`P(x)+Q(x)=`\((-x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4) + (x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2)\)
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4 + x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2`
`= (-x^5 + x^5) - x^3 + (5x^4 - x^4) + (2x^2 - x^2) + (2x + 7x) + (-4-2)`
`= 4x^4 - x^3 + x^2 + 9x - 6`
`@` Hiệu:
`P(x) - Q(x) =`\((-x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4) - (x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2)\)
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4 - x^5 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 - 7x + 2`
`= (-x^5 - x^5) + (5x^4 + x^4) + x^3 + (2x^2 + x^2) + (2x - 7x) + (-4+2)`
`= -2x^5 + 6x^4 + x^3 + 3x^2 - 5x - 2`
`b)`
`@` Thu gọn:
\(H (x) = ( 3x^5 - 2x^3 + 8x + 9) - ( 3x^5 - x^4 + 1 - x^2 + 7x)\)
`= 3x^5 - 2x^3 + 8x + 9 - 3x^5 + x^4 - 1 + x^2 - 7x`
`= (3x^5 - 3x^5) + x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + (8x + 7x) + (9+1)`
`= x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10`
\(R( x) = x^4 + 7x^3 - 4 - 4x ( x^2 + 1) + 6x\)
`= x^4 + 7x^3 - 4 - 4x^3 - 4x + 6x`
`= x^4 + (7x^3 - 4x^3) + (-4x + 6x) - 4`
`= x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4`
`@` Tổng:
`H(x)+R(x)=` \((x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10)+(x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4)\)
`= x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10+x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4`
`= (x^4 + x^4) + (-2x^3 + 3x^3) - x^2 + (15x + 2x) + (10-4)`
`= 2x^4 + x^3 - x^2 + 17x + 6`
`@` Hiệu:
`H(x) - R(x) =`\((x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10)-(x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4)\)
`=x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10-x^4 - 3x^3 - 2x + 4`
`= (x^4 - x^4) + (-2x^3 - 3x^3) - x^2 + (15x - 2x) + (10+4)`
`= -5x^3 - x^2 + 13x + 14`
`@` `\text {# Kaizuu lv u.}`
a; A(\(x\)) = \(x^5\) - 2\(x^4\) + \(x^2\) - \(x\) + 1
A(\(x\)) = \(x^5\) - 2\(x^4\) + \(x^2\) - \(x\) + 1
B(\(x\)) = 6 - 2\(x\) - 3\(x^3\) + \(x^4\) - 3\(x^5\)
B(\(x\)) = -3\(x^5\) + \(x^4\) - 3\(x^3\) - 2\(x\) + 6
b; A(\(x\)) + B(\(x\)) = \(x^5\) - 2\(x^4\) + \(x^2\) - \(x\) + 1 + \(x^4\) - 3\(x^5\) - 3\(x^3\) - 2\(x\) + 6
A(\(x\)) + B(\(x\)) = (\(x^5\) - 3\(x^5\)) - (2\(x^4\) - \(x^4\)) - 3\(x^3\) + \(x^2\) - (\(x+2x\)) + (1+6)
A(\(x\)) + B(\(x\)) = -2\(x^5\) - \(x^4\) - 3\(x^3\) + \(x^2\) - 3\(x\) + 7