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Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2+ H2
x____2x____x_____x(mol)
Zn +2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
y____2y____y______y(mol)
Ta có: nHCl(tổng)= 0,2 (mol)
<=> 2x+2y=0,2 (1)
Mặt khác: m(muối)= 10,52(g)
<=> 127x+ 136y=10,52 (2)
Từ (1), (2) ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+2y=0,2\\127x+136y=10,52\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bấm ra có nghiệm âm??
a) Gọi n Zn = a(mol) ; n ZnO = b(mol)
=> 65a + 81b = 14,6(1)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$ZnO + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2O$
n ZnCl2 = a + b = 27,2/136 = 0,2(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = b = 0,1
%m Zn = 0,1.65/14,6 .100% = 44,52%
%m ZnO = 100% -44,52% = 55,45%
b)
n HCl = 2n Zn + 2n ZnO = 0,4(mol)
m dd HCl = 0,4.36,5/7,3% = 200(gam)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo pt: \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=0,2\\27x+56y=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{470}\\y=\dfrac{37}{470}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{5,5}\cdot100\%=19,84\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-19,84\%=80,16\%\)
\(1)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\)
Từ giả thiết và theo PT:
\(\begin{cases} 24n_{Mg}+56n_{Fe}=5,2\\ n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=0,15 \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,1(mol);n_{Fe}=0,05(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{5,2}.100\%=46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100-46,15=53,85\% \end{cases}\\ 2)\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}=0,3(l)=300(ml)\)
lười làm thì đừng làm
box hóa có luật không tham khảo rồi
a)
\(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{Mg} = a\ mol; n_{Fe} = b\ mol\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2 \)
Theo PTHH, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=5,2\\a+b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
Suy ra:
\(\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,1.24}{5,2}.100\% = 46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 46,15\% = 53,85\% \)
b)
\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,15.2 = 0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{1} = 0,3(lít) \)
Đặt :
nMg = a mol
nFe= b mol
mhh = 24a + 56b = 5.2 (g) (1)
Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2
Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2
nH2 = a + b = 0.15 (2)
(1) , (2)
a = 0.1
b = 0.05
%Mg = 2.4/5.2 * 100% = 46.15%
%Fe = 100 - 46.15 = 53.85%
nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0.05 * 2 + 0.1*2 = 0.3 (mol)
VddHCl = 0.3/1=0.3 (l)
nH2= 0,15(mol)
PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
x______2x_______x________x(mol)
Fe+ 2 HCl ->FeCl2 + H2
y____2y______y___y(mol)
Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=5,2\\x+y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
mMg=0,1.24=2,4(g)
=> \(\%mMg=\dfrac{2,4}{5,2}.100\approx46,154\%\\ \Rightarrow\%mFe\approx53,846\%\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{H_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)< 0,1\left(mol\right)\)
→ HCl dư.
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{Fe}=x+y=0,04\left(1\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 136x + 127y = 5,26 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\left(mol\right)\\y=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,02.65}{0,02.65+0,02.56}.100\%\approx53,72\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx46,28\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot24}{16}=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16\cdot25\%}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=1,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{20\%}=219\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,5\cdot2=1\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,6\cdot95=57\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{hhA}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=234\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{57}{234}\cdot100\%\approx24,36\%\)
Cho mình hỏi ở cái PTHH ấy! sao ta không tính số mol ở dưới??
a)
n Fe = a(mol) ; n Zn = b(mol)
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
a.........2a...........a...................(mol)
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
b.........2b.............b.........................(mol)
n HCl = 2a + 2b = 0,5.0,4 = 0,2(mol)
m muối = 127a + 136b = 10,52(gam)
=> a = 0,342 ; b = -0,243 < 0
=> Sai đề
Câu b đề đúng mà bạn