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2Al+6HCl---->2AlCl3+3H2
Al2o3+6HCl--->2AlCl3+3H2O
Cu+HCl--> không p/u
2Cu + O2---->2CuO
ncuO=2,75/80=0.034375(mol)
Cứ 2 mol Cu---à 2 mol CuO
0.034375<------0.034375
mCu=0,034375.64=2,2(g)
--->%mCu=2,2.100/10=22%
nH2=3,36/22,4=0,15(mol)
cứ 2 mol Al----->3 mol H2
0.1<-----0.15
mAl :0,1.27=2.7(g)
--->%mAl=2,7.100/10=27%
---->%mAl2o3=100%-27%-22%=51%
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 27,8 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{17,353}{24,79}=0,7\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{27,8}.100\%\approx19,42\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx80,58\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,7}{0,5}=1,4\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(NaHCO_3+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
a_____a_______a_____a_____a (mol)
\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
b_____2b_______2b____b_____b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}84a+106b=38\\a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{NaHCO_3}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot84}{38}\cdot100\%\approx44,21\%\\\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=55,79\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{NaCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,6\cdot58,5=35,1\left(g\right)\)
a) Đặt: nNa2CO3=x(mol); nNaHCO3=y(mol) (x,y>0)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2 HCl -> 2 NaCl + CO2+ H2O
x_______________2x____2x_______x(mol)
NaHCO3 + HCl -> NaCl + H2O + CO2
y__________y____y_____________y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}106x+84y=38\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) mNaHCO3= 0,2. 84= 16,8(g)
=>%mNaHCO3= (16,8/38).100=44,211%
c) m(muối thu)= mNaCl(tổng)= (2x+y).58,5=0,6.58,5=35,1(g)
