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a) \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)
\(=x^2+xy+\dfrac{y^2}{4}-\dfrac{y^2}{4}+y^2+1\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\ge0,\forall x;y\\\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\ge0,\forall x;y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1>0,\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(...=x^2-2x+1+4\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+z^2-6z+9+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\left(y^{ }+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2+1>0,\forall x.y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
1)
\(\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(x-1\right)^3-6\left(x-1\right)^2=-19\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+3x+1-\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)-6\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=-19\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+3x+1-x^3+3x^2-3x+1-6x^2+12x-6+19=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-x^3\right)+\left(3x^2+3x^2-6x^2\right)+\left(3x-3x+12x\right)+\left(1+1-6+19\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x+15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{5}{4}\)
Nhìn sơ qua thì thấy bài 3, b thay -2 vào x rồi giải bình thường tìm m
Bài 2:
a) \(x+x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+1=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=0-1\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-1\end{cases}}\)
b) \(0x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0x=3\)
\(\Rightarrow vonghiem\)
c) \(3y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=0\)
Từ \(x\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+y\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+z\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=-2\) ta có:
\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x+xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+2xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y+z=0\\z+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\).
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử x + y = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=-y^3\).
Kết hợp với \(x^3+y^3+z^3=1\) ta có \(z^3=1\Leftrightarrow z=1\).
Vậy \(P=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{-y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{1}=1\).
\(\dfrac{z^8+11z^4+30}{18z^2+12z+2}\cdot\dfrac{24z^2+8z}{z^2+6z}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(z^4+6\right)\left(z^4+5\right)}{2\left(9z^2+6z+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{8z\left(3z+1\right)}{z\left(z+6\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(z^4+6\right)\left(z^4+5\right)}{\left(3z+1\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{4\left(3z+1\right)}{z+6}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(z^4+6\right)\left(z^4+5\right)\cdot4}{\left(3z+1\right)\left(z+6\right)}\)
\(z^3-6z^2+11z-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z^3-3z^2+2z-3z^2+9z-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z\left(z^2-3z+2\right)-3\left(z^2-3z+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(z-3\right)\left(z^2-3z+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(z-1\right)\left(z-2\right)\left(z-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z_1=1;z_2=2;z_3=3\)