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\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{4}......\dfrac{2n-1}{2n}=\dfrac{1.2.3.....\left(2n-1\right)}{2.3.4.....2n}=\dfrac{1}{2n}\)
Khi đó ta có điều cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{1}{2n}\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3n+1}}\left(n>\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
Hay
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3n+1}}{2n\left(\sqrt{3n+1}\right)}\le\dfrac{2n}{2n\left(\sqrt{3n+1}\right)}\)
Hay \(\sqrt{3n+1}\le2n\)(luôn đúng)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(3n-1\right)\left(3n+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{3n-1}-\dfrac{1}{3n+2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{3n-1}-\dfrac{1}{3n+2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3n+2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3n}{6\left(3n+2\right)}=\dfrac{n}{6n+4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}-\dfrac{1}{3.7}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.3}-\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{n\left(n+2\right)}{3\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}\)
\(\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2+\left(n+1\right)^2+n^2}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2+2n^2+2n+1}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2+2n\left(n+1\right)+1}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left[n\left(n+1\right)+1\right]^2}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)+1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=1+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=1+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=1+\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+1+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+1+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+1+\dfrac{1}{2018}-\dfrac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=2019-\dfrac{1}{2019}\)
Tìm n ∈ N để
a) \(\dfrac{2n^4-3n^2+n-2}{n-1}\) ∈ N (n≠1)
b) \(\dfrac{-3n^3+2n^2-n-2}{n+2}\) ∈ Z (n≠-2)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow2n^4-2n^3-n^3+n^2-n^2+n-2⋮n-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-1\in\left\{-1;1;2\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{0;2;3\right\}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{3}{2\cdot5}+\dfrac{3}{5\cdot8}+...+\dfrac{3}{\left(3n-1\right)\left(3n+2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{3n-1}-\dfrac{1}{3n+2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3n+2-2}{2\left(3n+2\right)}=\dfrac{n}{2\left(3n+2\right)}\)
Lời giải:
$\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+4}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+4-3}{\sqrt{x}+4}=1-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+4}$
Vì $\sqrt{x}\geq 0$ nên $\sqrt{x}+4\geq 4$
$\Rightarrow \frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+4}\leq \frac{3}{4}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+4}=1-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+4}\geq 1-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$
Vậy $M=\frac{1}{4}$
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$N=\frac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}+2}=1+\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}$
Do $\sqrt{x}\geq 0$ nên $\sqrt{x}+2\geq 2$
$\Rightarrow \frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\leq \frac{3}{2}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\leq 1+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{5}{2}$
Vậy $N=\frac{5}{2}$
$\Rightarrow 2M+N =2.\frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{2}=3$
Đáp án C.
1.
Gọi \(d=ƯC\left(2n^2+3n+1;3n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2n^2+3n+1-\left(3n+1\right)⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow2n^2⋮d\Rightarrow2n\left(3n+1\right)-3.2n^2⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow2n⋮d\Rightarrow2\left(3n+1\right)-3.2n⋮d\Rightarrow2⋮d\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}d=1\\d=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(d=2\Rightarrow3n+1=2k\Rightarrow n=2m+1\)
\(\Rightarrow n\) lẻ thì A không tối giản
\(\Rightarrow n\) chẵn thì A tối giản
2.
Giả thiết tương đương:
\(xy^2+\dfrac{x^2}{z}+\dfrac{y}{z^2}=3\)
Đặt \(\left(x;y;\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a^2c+b^2a+c^2b=3\)
Ta có: \(9=\left(a^2c+b^2a+c^2b\right)^2\le\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\left(c^2+a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\le\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\sqrt{3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)^3\ge81\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1}{a^4+b^4+c^4}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(M_{max}=\dfrac{1}{3}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;1;1\right)\) hay \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;1;1\right)\)
