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\(ĐKXĐ:\)a,b,c đôi một khác nhau.
\(\dfrac{x}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{x}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{x}{\left(c-a\right).\left(c-b\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right).\left(c-b\right)}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{-\left(b-c\right)-\left(c-a\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right).\left(c-a\right)}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{-b+c-c+a-a+b}{\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right).\left(c-a\right)}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{0}{\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right).\left(c-a\right)}\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow0x=2\) (vô lý)
-Vậy khi a,b,c đôi một khác nhau thì phương trình vô nghiệm.
a) \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2-2ac-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a-c\right)^2-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}=1\)
c) \(\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^3-x^2}+\dfrac{3}{x^3-2x^2+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{3}{x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^3-x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3+x+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x-1}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}-\dfrac{y^2}{x}\right)\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}.\dfrac{x^3-y^3}{xy}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}.\dfrac{x}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)
