Question

[Tống Lan Phương]

cho x+y=a,x-y=b.tính xy và x³-y³ theo a,b.Giúp với nhaaaa

Answer 1

[Nguyễn Đức Trí]

\(x+y=a\left(1\right)\)

\(x-y=b\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Rightarrow2x=a+b\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a+b}{2}\)

\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow y=a-x\Rightarrow y=a-\dfrac{a+b}{2}\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{a-b}{2}\)

\(xy=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{2}.\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)}{2}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{4}\)

\(x^3-y^3=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^3-\left(\dfrac{a-b}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{8}-\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^3}{8}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3-\left(a-b\right)^3}{8}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b-a+b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\right]}{8}\)

\(=\dfrac{2b\left[a^2+b^2+2ab+a^2-b^2+a^2+b^2-2ab\right]}{8}\)

\(=\dfrac{b\left[3a^2+b^2+2ab\right]}{4}\)

Answer 2

[Nguyễn Thị Thương Hoài]

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=a\\x-y=b\end{matrix}\right.\) tính \(x^3\) - y³ theo \(a\) và \(b\)

⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+x-y=a+b\\x-y=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=a+b\\y=x-b\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left(a+b\right):2\\y=\left(a-b\right):2\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(xy\) = \(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\)\(\times\)\(\dfrac{a-b}{2}\) = \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{4}\)

\(x^{3^{ }}\) - y³ = (\(x\) - y)(\(x^2\) + \(x\)y + y²) = \(\left(x-y\right)\)\(\left(\left[x+y\right]^2-xy\right)\) (1)

Thay \(x-y\) = a; \(x\) + y = b và \(xy\) = \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{4}\) vào (1) ta có:

\(x^3\) - y³ = b.(a² - \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{4}\)) = b.\(\dfrac{3a^2+b^2}{4}\) = \(\dfrac{3a^2b+b^3}{4}\)