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Theo tính chất tỉ dãy số bằng nhau thì:
\(\frac{a+b+c-d}{d}=\frac{b+c+d-a}{a}=\frac{c+d+a-b}{b}=\frac{d+a+b-c}{c}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{b+c}{d+a}=\frac{c+d}{a+b}=\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow M\Leftrightarrow1+1+1+1=4\)
Ps: Cách mình nhanh hơn nè!
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}=\)
\(=\frac{a+b+2c+d+a+b+c+2d}{c+d}=\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{c+d}+3=\)
Tương tự
\(=\frac{2\left(b+c\right)}{d+a}+3=\)
\(=\frac{2\left(c+d\right)}{a+b}+3=\)
\(=\frac{2\left(d+a\right)}{b+c}+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{c+d}+3=\frac{2\left(b+c\right)}{d+a}+3=\frac{2\left(c+d\right)}{a+b}+3=\frac{2\left(d+a\right)}{b+c}+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{c+d}=\frac{2\left(b+c\right)}{d+a}=\frac{2\left(c+d\right)}{a+b}=\frac{2\left(d+a\right)}{b+c}=\)
\(=\frac{2\left(a+b\right)+2\left(b+c\right)+2\left(c+d\right)+2\left(d+a\right)}{c+d+d+a+a+b+b+c}=\frac{4\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1+1+1+1=4\)
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div id="inner-editor"></div>2a+b+c+da =a+2b+c+db =a+b+2c+dc =a+b+c+2dd =2a+b+c+d+a+2b+c+d+a+b+2c+d+a+b+c+2ca+b+c+d =4
=>2a+b+c+d=4a
=>2a=b+c+d
Tương tự ta có:2b=a+c+d
2c=a+b+d
2d=a+b+c
=>2a+2b=b+c+d+a+c+d=>a+b+2c+2d
=>a+b=2c+2d
=>a+b/c+d=2
Tương tự ta có:b+c/d+a=2
c+d/a+b=2
d+a/b+c=2
=>M=2+2+2+2=8
Ta có: \(\frac{2012a+b+c+d}{a}-2011=\frac{a+2012b+c+d}{b}-2011=\frac{a+b+2012c+d}{c}-2011\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c+2012d}{d}-2011\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
+) Xét \(a+b+c+d=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right);b+c=-\left(a+d\right);c+d=-\left(a+b\right);a+d=-\left(b+c\right)\)
\(M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{-\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b+c}{-\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c+d}{-\left(c+d\right)}+\frac{d+a}{-\left(d+a\right)}\)
\(=\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-4\)
+) Xét \(a+b+c+d\) khác 0 \(\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
\(M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1+1+1+1=4\)
Vậy...
\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}=\frac{b}{a+c+d}=\frac{c}{a+b+d}=\frac{d}{b+c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+d}{c}=\frac{b+c+a}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}+1=\frac{a+c+d}{b}+1=\frac{a+b+d}{c}+1=\frac{b+c+a}{d}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d=0\) ta có :
\(a+b=-c-d;b+c=-a-d;c+d=-a-b;d+a=-b-c\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a+b}{-a-b}+\frac{b+c}{-b-c}+\frac{c+d}{-c-d}+\frac{d+a}{-b-c}=-1-1-1-1=-4\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d\ne0\) ta có : \(a=b=c=d\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}=1+1+1+1=4\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d=0\) thì ta có dãy tỷ số là đúng.
\(\Rightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right);b+c=-\left(d+a\right);c+d=-\left(a+b\right);d+a=-\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=-1-1-1-1=-4\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d\ne0\)thì ta có:
\(\frac{2015a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2015b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2015c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2015d}{d}=\frac{2018\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2018\)
Lấy 2 cái đầu cộng với nhau ta được:
\(\frac{2016\left(a+b\right)+2\left(c+d\right)}{a+b}=2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{c+d}{a+b}=\frac{2018-2016}{2}=1\)
Tương tự ta cũng có:
\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=;\frac{b+c}{d+a}=1;\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1+1+1+1=4\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{2012a+b+c+d}{a}-2011=\frac{a+2012b+c+d}{b}-2011=\frac{a+b+2012c+d}{c}-2011\)\(=\frac{a+b+c+2012d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
+) Xét \(a+b+c+d=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right);b+c=-\left(a+d\right);c+d=-\left(a+b\right);a+d=-\left(b+c\right)\)
\(M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{-\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b+c}{-\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c+d}{-\left(c+d\right)}+\frac{d+a}{-\left(d+a\right)}\)
\(=\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-4\)
+) Xét \(a+b+c+d\ne0\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=c+d;b+c=a+d;c+d=a+b;a+d=b+c\)
\(M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+d}{c+d}+\frac{d+a}{d+a}\)
\(=1+1+1+1=4\)
Vậy ...
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Câu hỏi của Đào Ngọc Bảo Anh - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}-1=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}-1=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}-1=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c+d+a+b+c+d+a+b+c+d+a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=4\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right),b+c=-\left(a+d\right),c+d=-\left(b+a\right),d+a=-\left(c+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{-\left(c+d\right)}{c+d}+\frac{-\left(d+a\right)}{d+a}+\frac{-\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}+\frac{-\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}\)
\(M=-1+-1+-1+-1=-4\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d\ne0\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1+1+1+1=4\)
Vậy M=-4 hoặc M=4
ta có:\(\dfrac{a+b+c-d}{d}=\dfrac{b+c+d-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+d+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{d+a+b-c}{c}\)\(=>\dfrac{a+b+c-d}{d}+2=\dfrac{b+c+d-a}{a}+2=\dfrac{c+d+a-b}{b}+2=\dfrac{d+a+b-c}{c}+2\)\(=>\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{d}=\dfrac{b+c+d+a}{a}=\dfrac{c+d+a+b}{b}=\dfrac{d+a+b+c}{c}\)Nếu a+b+c+d=0=>a+b=-(c+d)
b+c=-(a+d)
c+d=-(a+b)
a+d=-(b+c)
thay vào bt M ta có:\(\dfrac{-\left(c+d\right)}{c+d}=\dfrac{-\left(d+a\right)}{d+a}=\dfrac{-\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}=\dfrac{-\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}\)=>-1-1-1-1=-4
Nếu a+b+c+d≠0
=>a=b=c=d thì lúc đó M=1+1+1+1=4
Vậy M=4 hoặc M=-4