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a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
mCu = mY = 9,6 (g)
Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b
=> 27a + 24b = 14,7 - 9,6 = 5,1 (g)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a-->3a-------->a------>1,5a
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b--->2b------->b----->b
=> 1,5a + b = 0,25
=> a = 0,1; b = 0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nHCl(PTHH) = 3a + 2b = 0,5 (mol)
=> nHCl(thực tế) = \(\dfrac{0,5.120}{100}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(HCldư\right)}=\dfrac{0,6-0,5}{0,2}=0,5M\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9,6}{64}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Cu+Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuCl_2\)
0,15-->0,15
=> \(V_{Cl_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
a) Gọi số mol Mg, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 56b = 11,84
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{146.14\%}{36,5}=0,56\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a--->2a--------->a----->a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b-->2b-------->b------>b
=> 2a + 2b = 0,56
=> a = 0,12; b = 0,16
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{0,12.24}{11,84}.100\%=24,324\%\\\%Fe=\dfrac{0,16.56}{11,84}.100\%=75,676\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=a+b=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,28.22,4=6,272\left(l\right)\)
c) mdd sau pư = 11,84 + 146 - 0,28.2 = 157,28 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,12.95}{157,28}.100\%=7,25\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,16.127}{157,28}.100\%=12,92\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
x-------------------------x mol
Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
y-------------------------y mol
=>Ta có hệ :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=14,9\\x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>%m Fe=\(\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,9}.100=56,375\%\)
=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,15.2+0,1.2}{2}=0,25l=250ml\)
Gọi số mol Mg = x(mol); số mol Fe = y ( mol)
Bảo toàn e , ta có phương trình :
x + y = 0,03 (1)
Theo đề bài :
24x + 56y = 1,36 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có hệ phương trình , giải hệ ta được :
x = 0,01 (mol) ; y = 0,02 (mol)
=> %mMg = 0,01 . 24 / 1,36 . 100% = 17,65%
=> %mFe = 100 - 17,65 = 82,35 %
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 24x + 56y = 1,36 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=x+y\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x + y = 0,03 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\left(mol\right)\\y=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,01.24}{1,36}.100\%\approx17,6\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx82,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,06}{2}=0,03\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,03}\approx0,33M\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,03}\approx0,66M\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a)
Gọi số mol Al, Fe là a, b
=> 27a + 56b = 8,3
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a----->3a------->a------>1,5a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b------>2b------>b----->b
=> \(1,5a+b=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> a = 0,1; b = 0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,1.27}{8,3}.100\%=32,53\%\\\%Fe=\dfrac{0,1.56}{8,3}.100\%=67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mmuối = 13,35 + 12,7 = 26,05(g)
c)
nHCl = 3a + 2b = 0,5(mol)
=> \(V_{ddHCl\left(PTHH\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
=> Vdd HCl(thực tế) = \(\dfrac{0,25.110}{100}=0,275\left(l\right)\)
d)
PTHH: 2FeCl2 + Cl2 --> 2FeCl3
0,1----------------->0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeCl_3}=0,1.162,5=16,25\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=13,35\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mmuối = 16,25 + 13,35 = 29,6(g)
a) Gọi số mol Zn, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 65a + 56b = 8,56 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,136}{22,4}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
a--->2a-------->a----->a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b----->2b------->b------>b
=> a + b = 0,14 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,08; b = 0,06
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,08.65}{8,56}.100\%=60,748\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,06.56}{8,56}.100\%=39,252\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
nKOH = 0,2.0,1 = 0,02 (mol)
PTHH: KOH + HCl --> KCl + H2O
0,02-->0,02
=> nHCl = 0,02 + 2a + 2b = 0,3 (mol)
=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=xM=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15}=2M\)
c) m = 0,08.136 + 0,06.127 = 18,5(g)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=56a+24b=10.16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+b=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.13,b=0.12\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.13\cdot56=7.28\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.12\cdot24=2.88\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2\cdot n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.25=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=1\left(M\right)\)