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a) \(n_{HCl}=0,5.1,6=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: x 2x x x
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: y 3y y 1,5y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+27y=11,9\\2x+3y=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\left(0,1+1,5.0,2\right).22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{muối}=0,1.136+0,2.133,5=40,3\left(g\right)\)
a,\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
b,\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5.100\%}{150}=4,87\%\)
c,mdd sau pứ= 10+150-0,1.44 = 151,2 (g)
\(C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.111.100\%}{151,2}=7,34\%\)
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(BaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1 1
a 0,2 1a
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1 1
b 0,2 1b
b) Gọi a là số mol của BaCO3
b là số mol của CaCO3
\(m_{BaCO3}+m_{CaCO3}=29,7\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{BaCO3}.M_{BaCO3}+n_{CaCO3}.M_{BaCO3}=29,7g\)
⇒ 197a + 100b = 29,7g (1)
Theo phương trình : 1a + 1b = 0,2(2)
Từ (1),(2),ta có hệ phương trình :
197a + 100b = 29,7g
1a + 1b = 0,2
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{BaCO3}=0,1.197=19,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
0/0BaCO3 = \(\dfrac{19,7.100}{29,7}=66,33\)0/0
0/0CaCO3 = \(\dfrac{10.100}{29,7}=33,67\)0/0
c) \(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{20}=73\left(g\right)\)
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PTHH: \(HCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow HNO_3+AgCl\downarrow\)
Hiện tượng: Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng
Ta có: \(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{170\cdot10\%}{170}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{HCl}=n_{HNO_3}=n_{AgCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(l\right)=100\left(ml\right)\\m_{ddHCl}=100\cdot1,05=105\left(g\right)\\m_{AgCl}=0,1\cdot143,5=14,35\left(g\right)\\m_{HNO_3}=0,1\cdot63=6,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddHCl}+m_{ddAgNO_3}-m_{AgCl}=260,65\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{6,3}{260,65}\cdot100\%\approx2,42\%\)
a) MgO + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2O (1)
MgCO3 + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2O + CO2 (2)
b) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgCO_3}=n.M=0,1.84=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=16-8,4=8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,4\left(mol\right)\); nHCl(2) = 0,2(mol)
=> nHCl = 0.4 + 0,2 = 0,6 (mol)
=> VHCl = \(\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1=n_{Zn}\\ n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{14,6-6,5}{81}=0,1mol\\ C\%=\dfrac{0,2\cdot136}{175,6+14,6-0,2}=14,32\%\)
a) $n_{CaCO_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaCO_3} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3.36,5}{7,3\%} = 150(gam)$
b)
$n_{CaCl_2} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} =0,15(mol)$
$V_{CO_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
c)
$m_{dd} = 15 + 150 - 0,15.44 = 158,4(gam)$
$C\%_{CaCl_2} = \dfrac{0,15.111}{158,4}.100\% = 10,51\%$
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl--->MgCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Mg}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,4.36.5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14,6}{200}.100\%=7,3\%\)
b. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{MgCl_2}}=4,8+200=204,8\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{19}{204,8}.100\%=9,28\%\)
PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
Ta có; \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{3}{100}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,06\cdot36,5}{10\%}=21,9\left(g\right)\\V_{CO_2}=0,03\cdot22,4=0,672\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)