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\(x+y+2xy=\dfrac{15}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{15}{2}\le\left(x+y\right)+\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)-15\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+5\right)\left(x+y-3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y\ge3\) (vì \(x+y+5>0\) với mọi x,y dương)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=3\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=y=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=a\Rightarrow0< a\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2-\dfrac{2x}{y}+2}{\dfrac{x}{y}+1}=\dfrac{a^2-2a+2}{a+1}=\dfrac{4a^2-8a+8}{4\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{4a^2-13a+3+5\left(a+1\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{\left(1-4a\right)\left(3-a\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{1}{4}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\ge4\)
\(P=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2y}{x}+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}{1+\dfrac{y}{x}}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=a\ge4\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a+1}=2a-4+\dfrac{5}{a+1}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a+1}{5}+\dfrac{5}{a+1}+\dfrac{9}{5}.a-\dfrac{21}{5}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{5\left(a+1\right)}{5\left(a+1\right)}}+\dfrac{9}{5}.4-\dfrac{21}{5}=5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=4\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
Nguyễn Việt Lâm Giáo viên làm thế nào để có thể nghĩ được ra như vậy?
\(y\ge xy+1\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\ge2\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\ge4\)
\(Q=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2y}{x}+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}{\dfrac{y}{x}+\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=a\ge4\)
\(Q=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a^2+a}=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a^2+a}-\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)\left(3a-1\right)}{4\left(a^2+1\right)}+\dfrac{5}{4}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(Q_{min}=\dfrac{5}{4}\) khi \(a=4\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
\(T=21x+3y+\dfrac{21}{y}+\dfrac{3}{x}\)
\(T=\dfrac{x}{3}+\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{7y}{3}+\dfrac{21}{y}+\dfrac{62}{3}x+\dfrac{2}{3}y\)
\(T\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3x}{3x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{147y}{3y}}+\dfrac{62}{3}.3+\dfrac{2}{3}.3=80\)
\(T_{min}=80\) khi \(x=y=3\)
TK:
Cho hai số thực dương x, y thoả mãn x + y + 2xy = \(\dfrac{15}{2}\). Tính giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức P = x + y - Hoc24