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\(n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=0,5a;n_{Zn}=b\\ a\left(24+28\right)+65b=52a+65b=44,2\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{24,64}{22,4}1,1\\ a=0,6;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24a}{44,2}=32,58\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{28a}{44,2}=38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=29,42\%\\ m_{ddacid}=\dfrac{98\left(1,5a+b\right)}{0,08}=1347,5g\\ m_{ddsau}=1389,5g\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95a}{1389,5}=4,10\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,5a}{1389,5}=2,74\%\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136b}{1389,5}=1,96\%\)
\(m_{Zn}=60,5-28=32,5g\\
n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\
n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 0,5 0,5
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 0,5 0,5
\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,5+0,5\right).22,4=22,4\left(L\right)\\
m_{Mu\text{ối}}=\left(0,5.136\right)+\left(0,5.127\right)=131,5g\)
Do Zn và Fe có số mol bằng nhau:
\(\rightarrow n_{Zn}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 0,5
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 0,5
\(m_{Fe}=0,5.56=28\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,V_{H_2}=\left(0,5+0,5\right).24,79=24,79\left(l\right)\)
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 10,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=200.27,375\%=54,75\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{54,75}{36,5}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
a ----> 2a --------> a -----> a
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
b ---> 2b -------> b ------> b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+56b=43,7\\a+b=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{dd}=43,7+200-0,7.2=242,3\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.136}{242,3}=28,06\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{242,3}=10,48\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(1,5-0,5.2-0,2.2\right).36,5}{242,3}=1,51\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\\Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_{\text{ 4 }}+H_2\end{matrix}\right.\)
gọi số mol Zn là x , số mol Fe là y
=> 65x+56y=43,7
=> a+b=0,7
=>a=0,5 , b =0,2
=> \(m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\\ m_{Fe}=43,7-32,5=11,2\left(G\right)\)
Gọi nMg = a (mol); nFe = b (mol)
24a + 56b = 10,4 (1)
nH2 = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH:
Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
a ---> a ---> a ---> a
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
b ---> b ---> b ---> b
a + b = 0,3 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
mMg = 0,2 . 24 = 4,8 (g)
mFe = 0,1 . 56 = 5,6 (g)
a)PTHH Mg + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + H2
Theo pt 1mol 2mol 1mol 1mol
Theo bài x mol x mol
PTHH Fe + 2HCl —> FeCl2 + H2
Theo pt1mol 2mol 1mol 1mol
Theo bài 0,3-x 0,3-x
Số moi H2 (đktc)là nH2=V/22,4=6,72/22,4=0,3 moi
b)đặt H2 ở pt1 là x và H2 pt2 là 0,3-x
Ta được pt: 24x + (0,3-x)56 = 10,4g
=>giải pt ta được x=0,2
Khối lượng Mg là: mMg=n.m=24.0,2=4.8(g)
Khối lượng Fe là:mFe=n.m=(0,3-0,2).56=5,6(g)
Lớp 8 rồi ghi đề cho đúng đứng đắn vào:v
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2<--- 0,2 ----> 0,2 -------> 0,2
\(\%_{m_{Fe}}=\dfrac{56.0,2.100\%}{15,8}=70,89\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-70,89\%=29,11\%\)
b
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c
\(FeSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
0,2 ------------------------> 0,2
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.90=18\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{15,8}.100\%\approx70,89\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-70,89\%\approx29,11\%\)
\(b,V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(c,FeSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\)
0,2 0,2
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.90=18\left(g\right)\)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b.m_{Fe}=60,5.66,77\%=41g\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{41}{56}=0,73\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{60,5-41}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Sigma n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}+n_{Zn}=0,73+0,3=1,03\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=1,03.22,4=23,072\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(m_{Fe}=60,5.67,77\%=41\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{41}{56}\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=60,5-41=19,5\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{289}{280}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{289}{280}.22,4=23,12\left(l\right)\)