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\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)
2 6 2 3
0,2 0,2 0,3
\(Al_2O_2+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)
1 6 2 3
0,2 0,4
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al2O3}=25,8-5,4=20,4\left(g\right)\)
b) Có : \(m_{Al2O3}=20,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al2O3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AlCl3\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,6.133,5=80,1\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Bài 1:
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,16=0,32\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
\(m_{H_2}=0,16.2=0,32\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL ta có: \(m_{MgCl_2+FeCl_2}=1,4+11,68-0,32=12,76\left(g\right)\)
Bài 12:
Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:
\(m_{hhkl}+m_{O_2}=m_{hh.oxit}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,9+m_{O_2}=18,3\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=18,3-11,9=6,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_A=102a+40b=16.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(m_{Muối}=267a+111b=40.95\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.249,b=-0.23\)
Sai đề !
\(\begin{array}{l} n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\ (mol)\\ PTHH:\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\ (1)\\ Al_2O_3+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2O\ (2)\\ Theo\ pt\ (1):\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2\times 27=5,4\ (g).\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=15,6-5,4=10,2\ (g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow \sum n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,2+2\times 0,1=0,4\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,4\times 133,5=53,4\ (g)\end{array}\)