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Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)⋮\left(a+b\right)\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow\left(a^{2k+1}+b^{2k+1}\right)⋮\left(a+b\right)\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
Cần cm: \(\left(a^{2k+3}+b^{2k+3}\right)⋮\left(a+b\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{2k+3}+b^{2k+3}=a^{2k+1}\cdot a^2+b^{2k+1}\cdot b^2\\ =a^{2k+1}\cdot a^2+b^{2k+1}\cdot a^2-b^{2k+1}\cdot a^2+b^{2k+1}\cdot b^2\\ =a^2\left(a^{2k+1}+b^{2k+1}\right)-b^{2k+1}\left(a^2-b^2\right)\)
Do \(\left(a^{2k+1}+b^{2k+1}\right)⋮\left(a+b\right);\left(a^2-b^2\right)⋮\left(a-b\right)\)
Do đó \(\left(1\right)\) luôn đúng
Theo pp quy nạp suy ra đpcm
a) Áp dụng Cauchy Schwars ta có:
\(M=\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1
b) \(N=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b+1}+\frac{9}{c+2}\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{36}{6}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=1
\(N=a^3+b^3+3ab\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+3ab\)
=1
\(M=\left(a^2+b^2+2-a^2-b^2+2\right)\left[\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)^2+\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\left(a^2+b^2-2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2-2\right)^2\right]-12\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2\\ M=4\left(a^4+b^4+4+4a^2+4b^2+2a^2b^2+\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-4+a^4+b^4+4-4a^2-4b^2+2a^2b^2\right)-12\left(a^4+2a^2b^2+b^4\right)\\ M=4\left(3a^4+3b^4+4+6a^2b^2\right)-12\left(a^4+2a^2b^2+b^4\right)\\ M=4\left(3a^4+3b^4+4+6a^2b^2-3a^4-6a^2b^2-3b^4\right)\\ M=4\cdot4=164\)
b: Ta có: \(N=a^3+b^3+3ab\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+3ab\)
\(=1-3ab+3ab\)
=1
\(a+b+c=abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{ac}+\dfrac{1}{bc}=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{ab}+\dfrac{2}{bc}+\dfrac{2}{ca}=2\)
Mà \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=2\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+\dfrac{2}{ab}+\dfrac{2}{bc}+\dfrac{2}{ac}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}=2\)
\(a,\dfrac{2x+2y}{a^2+2ab+b^2}.\dfrac{ax-ay+bx-by}{2x^2-2y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\dfrac{a\left(x-y\right)+b\left(x-y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(a+b\right)}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(b,\dfrac{a+b-c}{a^2+2ab+b^2-c^2}.\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2+ac+bc}{a^2-b^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b-c}{\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2+c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b-c}{\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a-b}\)
\(c,\dfrac{x^3+1}{x^2+2x+1}.\dfrac{x^2-1}{2x^2-2x+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{x-1}{2}\) \(d,\dfrac{x^8-1}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x^4\right)^2-1}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{x^2+1}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}\) \(=x-1\) \(e,\dfrac{x-y}{xy+y^2}-\dfrac{3x+y}{x^2-xy}.\dfrac{y-x}{x+y}\) \(=\dfrac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{3x+y}{x\left(x-y\right)}.\dfrac{-\left(x-y\right)}{x+y}\) \(=\dfrac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{3x+y}{x}.\dfrac{-1}{x+y}\) \(=\dfrac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{-3x-y}{x\left(x+y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)+y\left(3x+y\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{x^2-xy+3xy+y^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\)tìm giá trị của m để pt 2x-m=1-x nhận giá trị x=-2 là nghiệm
giải hộ e với :)
a) Rút gọn M = -6ab(-2b + a). Tính được M = 60.
b) Rút gọn M = 6xy – 7. Tính được N = -10.
\(A=a^2\left(a+b\right)-b\left(a^2-b^2\right)+2013\)
\(=a^2\left(a+b\right)-b\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+2013\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+2013\)
\(=\left(1-1\right)\left(a^2-ab+b\right)^2+2013=0+2013=2013\)
B=m(m-n+1)-n(n+1-m) với m= -\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)n= -\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)
tính giá trị của các biểu thức sau
Do a+b+c= 0
<=> a+b= -c
=> (a+b)2= c2
Tương tự: (c+a)2= b2, (c+b)2= a2
Ta có: \(A=\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{-2bc}+\frac{1}{-2ca}+\frac{1}{-2ab}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{-2abc}=0\)
