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a)
$C_6H_{12}O_6 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} 2CO_2 + 2C_2H_5OH$
720 ml = 720 cm3
m dd glucozo = D.V = 720.1 = 720(gam)
m glucozo = 720.5% = 36(gam)
n glucozo = 36/180 = 0,2(mol)
Theo PTHH :
n C2H5OH = 2n glucozo = 0,4(mol)
m C2H5OH = 0,4.46 = 18,4(gam)
b)
V rượu = m/D = 18,4/0,8 = 23(ml)
Vậy :
Đr = 23/240 .100 = 9,583o
\(a,C_2H_5OH+O_2\left(men.giấm\right)\rightarrow CH_3COOH+H_2O\\ V_{C_2H_5OH\left(ng.chất\right)}=\dfrac{2,875}{10}=0,2875\left(l\right)=287,5\left(ml\right)\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=287,5.0,8=230\left(g\right)\\ n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{230}{46}=5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CH_3COOH\left(LT\right)}=n_{C_2H_5OH}=5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CH_3COOH\left(TT\right)}=5.80\%=4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{CH_3COOH\left(TT\right)}=4.60=240\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{dd.giấm}=\dfrac{240.100}{5}=4800\left(gam\right)\)
\(V_{C_2H_5OH\left(nguyên.chất\right)}=\dfrac{0,5.30}{100}=0,15l\)
\(0,15lít=150ml\)
\(V_{H_2O}=500-150=350ml\)
\(m_{C_2H_5OH\left(nguyên.chất\right)}=150.0,8=120g\)
\(m_{H_2O}=350.1=350g\)
\(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{120}{46}=2,6mol\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{350}{18}=19,44mol\)
\(2C_2H_5OH+2Na\rightarrow2C_2H_5ONa+H_2\)
2,6 1,3 ( mol )
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
19,44 9,72 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=\left(1,3+9,72\right).22,4=246,848l\)
\(n_{C_6H_{12}O_6}=\dfrac{36}{180}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C6H12O6 \(\xrightarrow{ \text{men rượu} } \) 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH
0,2 ----------------------------> 0,4
\(\rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,4.80\%.46=14,72\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{14,72}{0,8}=18,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{ddC_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{18,4}{5,75\%}=320\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{C_6H_{12}O_6}=\dfrac{36}{180}=0,2mol\)
\(C_6H_{12}O_6\underrightarrow{lênmen}2C_5H_{12}OH+2CO_2\)
0,2 0,4
Thực tế: \(n_{C_5H_{12}OH}=0,4\cdot80\%=0,32mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{rượu}\)(nguyên chất)=\(0,32\cdot46=14,72g\)
\(V_{rượu}=\dfrac{m}{D}=\dfrac{14,72}{0,8}=18,4ml\)
Độ rượu: \(5,75^o=\dfrac{18,4}{V_{ddrượu}}\cdot100\%\Rightarrow V_{ddrượu}=320ml\)