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\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{208.10\%}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ 0,1............0,1..............0,1.............0,2\left(mol\right)\\ b,m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98.100}{8}=122,5\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{kt}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ddsau}=208+122,5-23,3=307,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{307,2}.100\approx2,376\%\)
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 →2NaCl + BaSO4
nNa2SO4=0,05.0,1=0,005(mol)
nBaCl2=0,1.0,1=0,01(mol)
Vì 0,005<0,01 nên BaCl2 dư 0,005(mol)
Theo PTHH ta có;
nNa2SO4=nBaSO4=0,005(mol)
2nNa2SO4=nNaCl=0,01(mol)
mBaSO4=0,005.233=1,165(g)
CM dd BaCl2=\(\dfrac{0,005}{0,15}=\dfrac{1}{30}\)M
CM dd NaCl=\(\dfrac{0,01}{0,15}=115\)M
PTHH: \(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow2HCl+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{208\cdot10\%}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot98}{8\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\\m_{BaSO_4}=0,1\cdot233=23,3\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddBaCl_2}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{BaSO_4}=307,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{307,2}\cdot100\%\approx2,38\%\)
\(a)n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8.20}{100.98}=0,12mol\\ n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200.5,2}{100.208}=0,05mol\\ BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,12}{1}>\dfrac{0,05}{2}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4.dư\\ BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\)
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,1
\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,05.233=11,65g\\ b)m_{dd}=58,8+200-11,65=247,15g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{247,15}\cdot100=1,48\%\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4,dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,12-0,05\right).98}{247,15}\cdot100=2,78\%\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6\cdot20\%}{100\%}=3,92\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3,92}{98}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{BaCl_2}}=0,04\cdot208=8,32\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{8,32\cdot100\%}{12\%}\approx69,3\left(g\right)\\ m_{kết.tủa}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,04\cdot233=9,32\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{320\cdot20\%}{160}=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,4\cdot98=39,2\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{CuSO_4}=0,8mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,8\cdot40}{10\%}=320\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,4mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,4\cdot142=56,8\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddNaOH}+m_{ddCuSO_4}-m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=600,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{56,8}{600,8}\cdot100\%\approx9,45\%\)
