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a) Bất đẳng thức đúng khi a = b = 2c
do đó \(\sqrt{c\left(2c-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(2c-c\right)}\le n\sqrt{2c.2c}\Leftrightarrow n\ge1\)
xảy ra khi n = 1
Thật vậy, ta có :
\(\sqrt{\frac{c}{b}.\frac{a-c}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{a}.\frac{b-c}{b}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a-c}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b-c}{b}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\le\sqrt{ab}\)
Vậy n nhỏ nhất là 1
b) Ta có : a + b = \(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2}\le\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}=\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng, ta được : \(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{n}\le\sqrt{2\left(n+1\right)},\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{n-1}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)},...\)
\(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{1}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)};\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{2}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)},...\)
\(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{n}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)}\)
do đó : \(4\left(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{n}\right)\le2n\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{n}\le n\sqrt{\frac{n+1}{2}}\)
Đặt bđt là (*)
Để (*) đúng với mọi số thực dương a,b,c thỏa mãn :
\(a+b+c\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)thì \(a=b=c=1\) cũng thỏa mãn (*)
\(\Rightarrow4\le\sqrt[n]{\left(n+2\right)^2}\)
Mặt khác: \(\sqrt[n]{\left(n+2\right)\left(n+2\right).1...1}\le\frac{2n+4+\left(n-2\right)}{n}=3+\frac{2}{n}\)
Hay \(n\le2\)
Với n=2 . Thay vào (*) : ta cần CM BĐT
\(\frac{1}{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(2b+c+a\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(2c+a+b\right)^2}\le\frac{3}{16}\)
Với mọi số thực dương a,b,c thỏa mãn: \(a+b+c\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
Vì: \(\frac{1}{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(2b+a+c\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)};\frac{1}{\left(2c+a+b\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{4\left(a+c\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)
Ta cần CM:
\(\frac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{3}{16}\Leftrightarrow16\left(a+b+c\right)\le6\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Ta có BĐT: \(9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Và: \(3\left(ab+cb+ac\right)\le3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\le\left(ab+cb+ca\right)^2\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge3\)
=> đpcm
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi a=b=c
=> số nguyên dương lớn nhất : n=2( thỏa mãn)
\(\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\left(1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)^2}=1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(S=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(=n+1-\frac{1}{n+1}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2-1}{n+1}=\frac{2009^2-1}{2009}\Rightarrow n+1=2009\Rightarrow n=2008\)
\(\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}\ge2014\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1-\sqrt{2}}{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{2}}{1-2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{2-3}+...+\frac{\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}}{n-\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}}{-1}\)
\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{n+1}}{-1}=\sqrt{n+1}-1\ge2014\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{n+1}\ge2015\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n+1=2015^2=4060225\)
\(V~~n=4060224\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{2}{2\sqrt{n}}< \frac{2}{\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n}}=2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)\\\frac{2}{2\sqrt{n}}>\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ đây ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{0}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+...+\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\sqrt{n}-0\right)=2\sqrt{n}\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}>2\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-1\right)>\sqrt{n}\)
Gọi \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}=A\)là A
Có \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}>...>\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)
=> \(A>n.\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}=\sqrt{n}\)(1)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}< \frac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}}=2\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)\)
Khi đó: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}< 2\left(\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{0}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}< 2\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\right)\)
...
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)\)
=> \(A< 2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}+...+\sqrt{1}\right)\)
=> \(A< 2\sqrt{n}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\sqrt{n}< A< 2\sqrt{n}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+2}-\sqrt{n+1}< \frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{n+2}-\sqrt{n}< \frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+2}+\sqrt{n}}< \frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{n+2}+\sqrt{n}>100\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{n+2}>100-\sqrt{n}\)
Với \(n\le10000\) \(\Rightarrow n+2>100^2+n-200\sqrt{n}\)
\(\Rightarrow200\sqrt{n}>9998\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{n}>\frac{4999}{100}\Rightarrow n>49,99^2\Rightarrow n_{min}=50^2=2500\)