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Ta có tính chất :
\(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\)
\(\rightarrow A=\left|x+5\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x-7\right|+\left|x-8\right|\ge\left|x+5+x+2+x-7+x-8\right|\)
\(\rightarrow A\ge\left|4x-8\right|\)
Vì \(\left|4x-8\right|\ge0\forall x\in R\) nên :
\(\rightarrow A\ge0\forall x\in R\)
Dấu "= " xảy ra khi :
\(\left|4x-8\right|=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow4x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
a, Ta có :
\(A=\left|2x-2\right|+\left|2x-2017\right|=\left|2x-2\right|+\left|2017-2x\right|\ge\left|2x-2+2017-2x\right|=2015\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2\right)\left(2017-2x\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-2\ge0\\2017-2x\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-2\le0\\2017-2x\le0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x\ge2\\2017\ge2x\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x\le2\\2017\le2x\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge1\\\dfrac{2017}{2}\ge x\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\\dfrac{2017}{2}\le x\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1\le x\le\dfrac{2017}{2}\\x\in\varnothing\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b, Tương tự
c, \(\left|x+3\right|+\left|x+7\right|=4x\)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+3\right|\ge0\\\left|x+7\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|+\left|x+7\right|\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge0\)
Với \(x\ge0\) ta có :
+) \(\left|x+3\right|=x+3\)
\(\left|x+7\right|=x+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+3\right|+\left|x+7\right|=x+3+x+7=4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+10=4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10=2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
Vậy ..
B1b)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\) ta có:
\(B=\left|x-2\right|+\left|x-8\right|\)
\(B\ge\left|x-2\right|+\left|8-x\right|=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x-2\right)\left(8-x\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2\le0\\8-x\le0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2\ge0\\8-x\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le2\\x\ge8\end{matrix}\right.\left(C\right)}\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\x\le8\end{matrix}\right.\left(L\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: chọn, TH2: loại.
Vậy \(MIN_B=6\Leftrightarrow2\le x\le8\)
1) a) \(\left|7x-5y\right|+\left|2z-3y\right|+\left|xy+yz+xz-2000\right|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=5y\\2z=3y\\xy+yz+xz=2000\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{7}y\\z=\dfrac{3}{2}y\\xy+yz+xz=2000\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(xy+yz+xz=2000\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{7}y^2+\dfrac{3}{2}y^2+\dfrac{15}{14}y^2=2000\)
\(\Rightarrow y^2\left(\dfrac{5}{7}+\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{15}{14}\right)=2000\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{23}{7}y^2=2000\)
Tìm \(y\) và suy ra \(x;z\) là được,Bài này nghiệm khá xấu
b) \(\left|3x-7\right|+\left|3x+2\right|+8=\left|7-3x\right|+\left|3x+2\right|+8\ge\left|7-3x+3x+2\right|+8\ge9+8=17\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(-\dfrac{3}{2}\le x\le\dfrac{7}{3}\)
2) a)Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-5\right|+\left|1-x\right|\ge\left|x-5+1-x\right|=4\\\dfrac{12}{\left|y+1\right|+3}\le\dfrac{12}{3}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà theo đề bài: \(\left|x-5\right|+\left|1-x\right|=\dfrac{12}{\left|y+1\right|+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-5\right|+\left|1-x\right|=\dfrac{12}{\left|y+1\right|+3}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\le x\le5\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|y+3\right|+5\ge5\\\dfrac{10}{\left(2x-6\right)^2+2}\le\dfrac{10}{2}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà theo đề bài: \(\left|y+3\right|+5=\dfrac{10}{\left(2x-6\right)^2+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|y+3\right|+5=\dfrac{10}{\left(2x-6\right)^2+2}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-3\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-1\right|+\left|3-x\right|\ge\left|x-1+3-x\right|=2\\\dfrac{6}{\left|y+3\right|+3}\le\dfrac{6}{3}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà theo đề bài: \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|3-x\right|=\dfrac{6}{\left|y+3\right|+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-1\right|+\left|3-x\right|=\dfrac{6}{\left|y+3\right|+3}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\le x\le3\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tìm GTNN của biểu thức:
a) A = |x+5|+|x+17|
Giải
Ta có : A = |x+5|+|x+17| \(\ge\) |x+5+x+17|
A = |-x-5|+|x+17| \(\ge\) |-x-5+x+17| = | -12 | = 12
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi - 17 \(\le\) x \(\le\) -5
Vậy MinA=12 khi - 17 \(\le\) x \(\le\) -5
b) B = |x+8|+|x+13|+|x+50|
Giải
B = |x+8|+|x+13|+|x+50| \(\ge\) (| x+8|+|-50-x |)+|x+13|
= (| x+8-50-x |)+|x+13|
= |-42| + |x+13|
= 42 + |x+13| \(\ge\) 42
Vậy MinB = 42 khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+8\ge0\\x+13=0\\x+50\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-8\\x=-13\\x\ge-50\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=-13\)
c) C = |x+5|+|x+2|+|x−7|+|x−8|
Giải
C = |x+5|+|x+2|+|x−7|+|x−8|
\(\ge\) |x+5| + |x+2| + |7-x| + |8-x|
\(\ge\) |x+5+7-x| + |x+2+8-x|
\(\ge\) |12| + |10|
\(\ge\) 12 + 10 \(\ge\) 22
Vậy MinC = 22 khi và chỉ khi :
-5 \(\le\) x \(\le\) 8 và -2 \(\le\) x \(\le\) 7 \(\Leftrightarrow\) -2 \(\le\) x \(\le\) 7
d) D = |x+3|+|x−2|+|x−5|
Giải
D = |x+3|+|x−2|+|x−5|
\(\ge\) ( |x+3|+|5-x| ) + |x-2| \(\ge\) | x+3+5-x | + | x-2 | \(\ge\) | 8 | + | x-2 | \(\ge\) 8 + | x-2 | \(\ge\) 8 Vậy MinD = 8 khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3\ge0\\x-2=0\\5-x\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-3\\x=2\\x\le5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=2\)Tìm GTNN của biểu thức:
a) A = |x+5|+|x+17|
Giải
Ta có : A = |x+5|+|x+17| ≥≥|x+5+x+17|
A = |-x-5|+|x+17| ≥ |-x-5+x+17| = | -12 | = 12
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi - 17 ≤ x ≤ -5
Vậy MinA=12 khi - 17 ≤ x ≤ -5
b) B = |x+8|+|x+13|+|x+50|
Giải
B = |x+8|+|x+13|+|x+50| ≥ (| x+8|+|-50-x |)+|x+13|
= (| x+8-50-x |)+|x+13|
= |-42| + |x+13|
= 42 + |x+13| ≥≥42
Vậy MinB = 42 khi và chỉ khi:
x+8 ≥ 0 ⇒x ≥ −8
x+13 = 0 => x = −13 .Vậy x=-13
x+50 ≥ 0 => x ≥ −50
c) C = |x+5|+|x+2|+|x−7|+|x−8|
Giải
C = |x+5|+|x+2|+|x−7|+|x−8|
=> |x+5| + |x+2| + |7-x| + |8-x|
≥ |x+5+7-x| + |x+2+8-x| = |12| + |10| =12 + 10 = 22
Vậy MinC = 22 khi và chỉ khi :
-5 ≤ x ≤ 8 và -2 ≤ x ≤ 7 ⇔ -2 ≤ x ≤ 7
A) \(\frac{7}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+10\right)}+\frac{11}{\left(x+10\right)\left(x+21\right)}+\frac{13}{\left(x+21\right)\left(x+34\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+10\right)-\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+10\right)}+\frac{\left(x+21\right)-\left(x+10\right)}{\left(x+10\right)\left(x+21\right)}+\frac{\left(x+34\right)-\left(x+21\right)}{\left(x+21\right)\left(x+34\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+3}-\frac{1}{x+10}+\frac{1}{x+10}-\frac{1}{x+21}+\frac{1}{x+21}-\frac{1}{x+34}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+3}-\frac{1}{x+34}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+34\right)-\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+34\right)}\)\(=\frac{x}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+34\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+34\right)-\left(x+3\right)=x\)
\(\Rightarrow x=31\)
Vậy, x = 31
Bạn áp dụng: \(\frac{k}{x\cdot\left(x+k\right)}=\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+k}\) với \(x,k\inℝ;x\ne0;x\ne-k\)
Chứng minh: \(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+k}=\frac{x+k}{x\left(x+k\right)}-\frac{x}{x\left(x+k\right)}=\frac{x+k-x}{x\left(x+k\right)}=\frac{k}{x\left(x+k\right)}\)
