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Lời giải:
1.
$x^3+3x^2-16x-48=(x^3+3x^2)-(16x+48)=x^2(x+3)-16(x+3)$
$=(x+3)(x^2-16)=(x+3)(x-4)(x+4)$
2.
$4x(x-3y)+12y(3y-x)=4x(x-3y)-12y(x-3y)=(x-3y)(4x-12y)=4(x-3y)(x-3y)=4(x-3y)^2$
3.
$x^3+2x^2-2x-1=(x^3-x^2)+(3x^2-3x)+(x-1)=x^2(x-1)+3x(x-1)+(x-1)$
$=(x-1)(x^2+3x+1)$
a) \(4x^2-6x=2x\left(2x-3\right)\)
b) \(9x^4y^3+3x^2y^4=3x^2y^3\left(x^2+y\right)\)
c) \(x^3-2x^2+5x=x\left(x^2-2x+5\right)\)
\(8xy^3+x\left(x-y\right)^3\)
\(=x\left[8y^3+\left(x-y\right)^3\right]\)
\(=x\left[\left(2y\right)^3+\left(x-y\right)^3\right]\)
\(=x\left(2y+x-y\right)\left[\left(2y\right)^2-2y\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\)
\(=x\left(x+y\right)\left(4y^2-2xy+2y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+y\right)\left(7y^2+x^2-4xy\right)\)
a) \(x^2\left(x-3\right)+12-4x=x^2\left(x-3\right)-4x+12\)
\(=x^2\left(x-3\right)-4\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-2^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
b)\(x^2-4+\left(x-2\right)^2=x^2-2^2+\left(x-2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(x-2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2+x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)2x\)
c)\(x^3-4x^2-12x+27=x^3+3x^2-7x^2-21x+9x+27\)
\(=x^2\left(x+3\right)-7x\left(x+3\right)+9\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-7x+9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-7x+9\right)\)
a) => x2.(x-3)-4(x-3)=(x-3)(x2-4)=(x-3)(x-2)(x+2)
b) => (x+2)(x-2)+(x-2)2=(x-2)(x+2+x-2)=2x(x-2)
c) => x3+27-(4x2+12x)=(x+3)(x2-3x+3)-4x(x+3)=(x+3)(x2-3x+3-4x)=(x-3)(x2-7x+3)
x3 – 2x2 + x
= x.x2 – x.2x + x (Xuất hiện nhân tử chung là x)
= x(x2 – 2x + 1) (Xuất hiện hằng đẳng thức (2))
= x(x – 1)2
\(x^3+2x^2+x\)
\(=x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
x2+(2a+b)xy+2aby2
=x2+2axy+bxy+2aby2
=(x2+bxy)+(2axy+2aby2)
=x(x+by)+2ay(x+by)
=(x+by)(x+2ay)
b) Ta có: \(x^2y+xy+x+1\)
\(=xy\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(xy+1\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(ax+by+ay+bx\)
\(=a\left(x+y\right)+b\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^2-2x+1-y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left(\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-1-y\right)\left(x-1+y\right)\)
bài này bn hoc qt đung rui, tui làm nhé
1)= x(x2 -2x +1 - y) = x((x-1)2 - y)