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a)
$2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o,MnO_2} 2KCl + 3O_2$
Phản ứng ứng trên thuộc phản ứng phân hủy vì có 1 chất tham giá phản ứng tạo thành hai hay nhiều chất mới tạo thành
b)
n KClO3 = 12,25/122,5 = 0,1(mol)
Theo PTHH : n O2 = 3/2 n KClO3 = 0,15(mol)
n P = 6,2/31 = 0,2(mol)
$4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5$
Ta thấy :
n P / 4 = 0,05 > n O2 / 5 = 0,0,03 => P dư sau phản ứng
n P pư = 4/5 n O2 = 0,12(mol)
n P2O5 = 2/5 n O2 = 0,06(mol)
Suy ra:
m P dư = 6,2 - 0,12.31 = 2,48 gam
m P2O5 = 0,06.142 = 8,52 gam
Ta có: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{12,25}{122,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[MnO_2]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
_______0,1_______________0,15 (mol)
_ Pư phân hủy vì từ 1 chất ban đầu tạo ra 2 hay nhiều chất.
b, Ta có: VO2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
c, Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}>\dfrac{0,15}{5}\), ta được P dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\n_{P\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{5}n_{O_2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{P\left(dư\right)}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{P_2O_5}=0,06.142=8,52\left(g\right)\\m_{P\left(dư\right)}=0,08.31=2,48\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, PT: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2,4}{40}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{MgO}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,03.22,4=0,672\left(l\right)\)
c, PT: \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=0,02.122,5=2,45\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{126}{56}=2,25\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
2,25 1,5
=> \(V_{O_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(L\right)\)
\(PTHH:2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
1 1,5
=> \(m_{KClO3}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{25,2}{56}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,45=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=122,5.0,2=24,5\left(g\right)\)
a, \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,225\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,225.22,4=5,04\left(l\right)\)
c, \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=0,15.122,5=18,375\left(g\right)\)
a)\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
0,4 \(\dfrac{4}{15}\) \(\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(V_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{15}\cdot22,4=5,973l\)
b)\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(\dfrac{8}{45}\) \(\dfrac{4}{15}\)
\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{8}{45}\cdot122,5=21,78g\)
2KMnO4-to>K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
0,3-----------------0,15-----0,15------0,15 mol
n KMnO4=\(\dfrac{47,4}{158}\)=0,3 mol
=>mcr=0,15.197.0,15.87=42,6g
=>VO2=0,15.22,4=3,36l
b) 4P+5O2-to>2P2O5
0,1--------------0,05
nP=\(\dfrac{3,1}{31}\)=0,1 mol
->O2 dư
=>m P2O5=0,05.142=7,1g
mKMnO4 = 47,4/158 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 -> (t°) K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
Mol: 0,3 ---> 0,15 ---> 0,15 ---> 0,15
m = 0,15 . 197 + 0,15 . 87 = 85,2 (g)
V = VO2 = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 (l)
nP = 3,1/31 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 -> (t°) 2P2O5
LTL: 0,1/4 < 0,15/5 => O2 dư
nP2O5 = 0,1/2 = 0,05 (mol)
mP2O5 = 0,05 . 142 = 7,1 (g)
2KClO3-to>2KCl+3O2
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)------------------------0,5 mol
4P+5O2-to>2P2O5
0,4--0,5-------0,2 mol
n P2O5=\(\dfrac{28,4}{142}\)=0,2 mol
=>m KClO3=\(\dfrac{1}{3}\).122,5=40,83g
=> số nt P là :0,4.6.1023=2,4.1023
\(a,2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ 4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\\ b,n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{28,4}{142}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{2}.0,2=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,5=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{122,5}{3}=\dfrac{245}{6}\left(g\right)\\ c,n_P=\dfrac{4}{2}.n_{P_2O_5}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_P=31.0,4=12,4\left(g\right)\)