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2KMnO4-to>K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
0,14-------------0,07------0,07-------0,07 mol
n KMnO4=\(\dfrac{22,12}{158}\)=0,14 mol
=>a=mcr=0,07.197+0,07.87=23,82g
=>VO2=0,07.22,4=1,568l
b)
2Cu+O2-to>2CuO
0,07-----0,14
n Cu=\(\dfrac{10,24}{64}\)=0,16 mol
Cu dư :0,01 mol
m chất rắn =0,01.64+0,14.80=11,84g
a, PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{3,16}{158}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,01.32=0,32\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{O_2}=0,01.24,79=0,2479\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,728}{27}=0,064\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
____0,064->0,048
=> mO2 = 0,048.32 = 1,536 (g)
\(m_B=\dfrac{0,894.100}{8,127}=11\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mA = mB + mO2
=> mA = 11 + 1,536 = 12,536 (g)
2KMnO4-to>K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
1------------------0,5---------0,5----0,5 mol
n O2=\(\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}\)=0,5 mol
=>x =m KMnO4=1.158=158g
=>mA=m K2MnO4+mMnO2=0,5.197+0,5.87=142g
a, PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{K_2MnO_4}=0,1.197=19,7\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
c, PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{O_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2O}=n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,05.24,79=1,2395\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi số mol KClO3, KMnO4 trong mỗi phần là a, b (mol)
Phần 1:
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
mY = 122,5a + 158b - 0,1.32 = 122,5a + 158b - 3,2 (g)
Bảo toàn O: \(n_{O\left(Y\right)}=3a+4b-0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16\left(3a+4b-0,2\right)}{122,5a+158b-3,2}.100\%=34,5\%\)
=> 5,7375a + 9,49b = 2,096 (1)
Phần 2:
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
a----------->a
2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
b------------>0,5b------>0,5b
=> 74,5a + 142b = 29,1 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.122,5}{0,2.122,5+0,1.158}.100\%=60,8\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.158}{0,2.122,5+0,1.158}.100\%=39,2\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1
a)\(V_{O_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
b)\(m_{CRắn}=m_{K_2MnO_4}+m_{MnO_2}=0,1\cdot197+0,1\cdot87=28,4g\)
c)\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,5 0,1 0 0
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,1
0,45 0 0,05 0,1
\(V_{CO_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,1\cdot18=1,8g\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4--to-> K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
0,2----------------0,1---------0,1-----0,1
b, nKMnO4= \(\dfrac{31,6}{158}\)=0,2 mol
Theo pt: nO2=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\).0,2=0,1 mol
=> VO2= 0,1.22,4= 2,24 l
=>m cr=0,1.197+0,1.87=28,4g
CH4+2O2-to>CO2+2H2O
0,5-----0,25-----0,5
n CH4=\(\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}\)=0,5 mol
=>Oxi du
=>V CO2=0,25.22,4=5,6l
=>m H2O=0,5.18=9g
Ta có: \(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{K_2MnO_4}=n_{MnO_2}=n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_A=m_{K_2MnO_4}+m_{MnO_2}=0,1.197+0,1.87=28,4\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được Fe dư.
Chất rắn B gồm: Fe3O4 và Fe dư.
⇒ mB = mFe3O4 + mFe (dư) = mFe + mO2 = 11,2 + 0,1.32 = 14,4 (g)