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AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
14 tháng 12 2021
Lời giải:
$n^5-n=n(n^4-1)=n(n^2-1)(n^2+1)=n(n-1)(n+1)(n^2+1)$
Vì $n(n-1)(n+1)$ là tích 3 số nguyên liên tiếp nên $n(n-1)(n+1)\vdots 3$
Vì $n(n-1)$ là tích 2 số nguyên liên tiếp nên $n(n-1)\vdots 2$
$\Rightarrow n^5-n\vdots 2,3$
Mà $(2,3)=1$ nên $n^5-n\vdots 6(*)$
Mặt khác:
Ta biết rằng 1 scp chia 5 có thể có dư là $0,1,4$
$\Rightarrow n(n^2-1)(n^2+1)\vdots 5, \forall n$ nguyên $(**)$
Từ $(*); (**)\Rightarrow n^5-n\vdots (5.6=30)$
NC
CMR:
a) n5 - n chia hết cho 30 với n thuộc N
b) n4-10n2 + 9 chia hết cho 384 với mọi n lẻ, n thuộc Z
1
23 tháng 7 2020
a) Áp dụng định lí nhỏ Fermat vào biểu thức \(n^5-n\), ta được:
\(n^5-n⋮5\)(vì 5 là số nguyên tố)
Ta có: \(n^5-n\)
\(=n\left(n^4-1\right)\)
\(=n\left(n^2-1\right)\left(n^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)\cdot\left(n^2+1\right)\)
Vì n-1 và n là hai số nguyên liên tiếp nên \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n⋮2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮2\)
Vì n-1; n và n+1 là ba số nguyên liên tiếp nên \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮3\)
mà \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮2\)(cmt)
và ƯCLN(2;3)=1
nên \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮2\cdot3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)\cdot\left(n^2+1\right)⋮6\)
hay \(n^5-n⋮6\)
mà \(n^5-n⋮5\)(cmt)
và ƯCLN(6;5)=1
nên \(n^5-n⋮6\cdot5\)
hay \(n^5-n⋮30\)(đpcm)
NT
1
NL
22 tháng 1 2018
\(n^5-n=n\left(n^4-1\right)=n\left(n^2+1\right)\left(n^2-1\right)=n\left(n^2+1\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(n-1\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-4+5\right)=\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n-2\right)+5n\left(n+1\right)\left(n-1\right)⋮5\)
27 tháng 12 2017
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28 tháng 12 2017
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