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23 tháng 3 2022

Mọi ngừi làm giúp mìn với!!! gấp lắm!!!

As you all know, tomorrow (15)..will be.... the first day of the annual Environment Awareness Month at South Middle School. Over the course of next month, there will be (16) .....many....events to raise awareness about different environmental issues and how to ‘go green’. The teaching staffs at South Middle School ask students to learn this opportunity seriously. Environmental issues are (17) ......very........ important and affecting every one of us. At the end of the month, we hope you can learn something new and apply them to your daily lives. If you have any questions for (18) .....it..., please contact Ms Simon at her office.

23 tháng 3 2022

bạn ưi bạn có thể chọn câu 17 và câu 18 theo 1 trog các đáp án này hộ mìn đc ko??

17)

A.extremed

B.extremeness

C extremely

18)

A advices

B. advertisements

C suggestions

 

Give a correct form of the verbs. 1/My uncle (not visit) us since he (move) to the new town. 2/You should practice (speak) English every day. 3/It (get) hotter and hotter in June. 4/The movie (start) at 8.15 this evening. 5/We (already) the first semester exams. 6/Mr.Binh (learn) Chinese at school, but he (forget) most of it. 7/We (have) a party next Sunday. Would you like (come)? 8/The weather (become) colder and colder in December. 9/I (not go) out this evening. I (stay) at...
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Give a correct form of the verbs.

1/My uncle (not visit) us since he (move) to the new town.

2/You should practice (speak) English every day.

3/It (get) hotter and hotter in June.

4/The movie (start) at 8.15 this evening.

5/We (already) the first semester exams.

6/Mr.Binh (learn) Chinese at school, but he (forget) most of it.

7/We (have) a party next Sunday. Would you like (come)?

8/The weather (become) colder and colder in December.

9/I (not go) out this evening. I (stay) at home.

10/The film (begin) at 7.30 or 8.00?

11/You (be) away?-Yes. I (go) to the country last Sunday.

12/They just (phone) to say that they (not come) back till Friday night.

13/How long you (know) Mrs.Chi?-I (know) her for 5 years.

14/We (not see) her since we (be) on holiday in Ha Long Bay.

15/Phuong (not finish) her homework yet.

16/Would you like some coffee? I just (make) some.

17/She (feed) the cat yet?-Yes, she (feed) it half an hour ago.

18/A:Where you (go)?

B:I (go) to the school library. Would you like (go) with me?

A:Yes. Let's go.

19/My father (be) a kind-heater man. He (love) books. He has spent a lot of time on (read) books.

20/Mr.Green always (go) to work by bus.

21/I (post) the letter a month ago. I wonder why she (not reply) yet.

22/The children prefer (watch) to (read).

1
7 tháng 5 2017

Give a correct form of the verbs.

1/My uncle (not visit) HASN'T VISITED us since he (move) MOVED to the new town.

2/You should practice SPEAKING(speak) English every day.

3/It (get) IS GETTING hotter and hotter in June.

4/The movie (start) STARTS at 8.15 this evening.

5/We (already) HAS ALREADY HAD the first semester exams.

6/Mr.Binh (learn)LEARNTChinese at school, but he (forget)FORGETS most of it.

7/We (have) WILL HAVE A party next Sunday. Would you like TO COME (come)?

8/The weather (become) IS BECOMING colder and colder in December.

9/I (not go) WON'T GO out this evening. I (stay) WILL STAY at home.

10/DOES The film (begin) BEGIN at 7.30 or 8.00?

11/WERE You (be) away?-Yes. I WENT(go) to the country last Sunday.

12/They HAVE just (phone) PHONED to say that they WON'T COME (not come) back till Friday night.

13/How long HAVE you KNOWN (know) Mrs.Chi?-I (know) HAVE KNOWN her for 5 years.

14/We (not see) HAVEN'T SEEN her since we (be) WERE ON holiday in Ha Long Bay.

15/Phuong (not finish) HASN'T FINISHED her homework yet.

16/Would you like some coffee? I just (make) HAVE MADE some.

17/HAS She (feed)FED the cat yet?-Yes, she (feed) FED it half an hour ago.

18/A:Where ARE you GOING (go)?

B:I (go) AM GOING to the school library. Would you like (go)TO GO with me?

A:Yes. Let's go.

19/My father (be) IS a kind-heater man. He (love)LOVES books. He has spent a lot of time on (read) READING books.

20/Mr.Green always GOES (go) to work by bus.

21/I (post) POSTthe letter a month ago. I wonder why she HASN'T REPLIED (not reply) yet.

22/The children prefer WATCHING (watch) to READING(read).

A visit to the Ocean Center – by Rebecca Hardy, aged 13My family and I went to the Ocean Center in my hometown recently. It was one of the mostamazing places I’ve ever been. We don’t live near the sea, so I don’t get much chance to seeliving creatures for myself.Inside the center you go on what they call an ocean journey. It takes you from the smalleststream, through rivers, and out into the deepest ocean. Along the way you meet fish and othercreatures that live in these places. And...
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A visit to the Ocean Center – by Rebecca Hardy, aged 13

My family and I went to the Ocean Center in my hometown recently. It was one of the most

amazing places I’ve ever been. We don’t live near the sea, so I don’t get much chance to see

living creatures for myself.

Inside the center you go on what they call an ocean journey. It takes you from the smallest

stream, through rivers, and out into the deepest ocean. Along the way you meet fish and other

creatures that live in these places. And there are thousands of them – some pretty and peaceful,

and others frightening and deadly.

Our guide told us that the Center was originally set up to help look after the seas and protect the

life within them. In fact, every entry ticket bought there helps the Center to achieve its aim, so I felt

my visit was in a good cause.

By chance, we arrived just at feeding time and watched staff give food to hundreds of fish. I

wanted to do it too, but the staff wouldn’t let me. But I’d still really recommend being there at

feeding time. You’ll see feeding times advertised at the ticket sales, or you can telephone in

advance to find out when they are.

The most fascinating part of the visit for me was a new exhibition at the Center that told the story

of seahorses across the world. It has the biggest collection for these magical creatures in Europe,

and almost as many as one in the USA. I found out about what they ate, and how a male

seahorse managed to give birth to 1500 babies! And although our guide told us it was hard to see

the young ones, we were lucky enough to catch sight of some in the tank!

We also went to one of the Center’s talks about the underwater world.

Ours was called ‘Sharks’,

and the one on the following day was called ‘Creatures of the Deep’. There are talks on other

topics given on different days, so it’s best to check which talk will take place on the day you go.

Once we’d bought our ticket, we could go in and out of the Center as many times as we liked

during the day. We can also buy an annual pass that gives you unlimited entry all year around. I’m

saving up for one!

For questions 1 – 5, circle A, if the sentence is correct, or B, if the sentence is incorrect.

For questions 6 – 10, answer the questions. Use your own words.

1. Rebecca hardy’s home is close to the coast.

2. At the Ocean Center, you can see fish from both seas and rivers.

3. All the creatures that are on display at the Center aren’t dangerous.

4. The admission fee for the center goes to environmental projects.

5. Rebecca was allowed to feed the fish at the Center.

6. Rebecca had to book in advance to see the fish at their feeding time.

7. The Ocen Centre has the largest collection of seahorses in the world.

8. Rebecca was pleased that she was able to see baby seahorses in the exhibition.

9. Each day, the Centre holds lots of talks on different topics.

10. Rebecca found she could leave and return to the Centre during her visit without paying again.

0
IV. Read the conversation and answer the questions. Mr Green: Hey, Tom. How’s your first week at the new school? Tom: It’s great. But I was a bit nervous at first. Mr Green: Why were you nervous? Tom: The teachers are all new to me, most of my classmate are new too. Mr Green: Are they friendly to you? Tom: Ah, yeah. They are all nice to me. Mr Green: What subjects did you have today? Tom: Well, we had maths, geography and computer studies, my favourite subject. Mr Green: Oh,...
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IV. Read the conversation and answer the questions. Mr Green: Hey, Tom. How’s your first week at the new school? Tom: It’s great. But I was a bit nervous at first. Mr Green: Why were you nervous? Tom: The teachers are all new to me, most of my classmate are new too. Mr Green: Are they friendly to you? Tom: Ah, yeah. They are all nice to me. Mr Green: What subjects did you have today? Tom: Well, we had maths, geography and computer studies, my favourite subject. Mr Green: Oh, good. So everything is going well at school? Tom: Right. I had a good first day. And… Dad, can I join the judo club at school? I like to do judo. Mr Green: Yeah, Ok, if you like. But don’t forget to do your homework. Tom: I won’t. Thanks, Dad. Questions: 1. Why was Tom nervous at first? ........................................................................................................................... 2. What are Tom's teacher and friends like? ........................................................................................................................... 3. What is his favourite subject? ........................................................................................................................... 4. What club does he want to join? ........................................................................................................................... 5. Is Tom having a nice first week at his new school? ...........................................................................................................................
2
13 tháng 7 2017

1. Because his teachers are all new to his, most of his classmate are new too.

2. They are friendly

3.His favorite subject is Computer studies

4. He wants to join the judo club

5. Yes, he is

14 tháng 1 2021

Đúng rồi

Dịch sang Tiếng Việt:At each period of age I have a different habit, and now I have the habit of listening to English music every day. This started since I was learning English at the age of 12, and my teacher encouraged us to listen to appropriate English songs to improve our listening skill and vocabulary. At first I just listened to them as homework, but gradually I fell in love with the melodies and lyrics of the songs. I listen to music in all of my spare time, and people easily find...
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Dịch sang Tiếng Việt:

At each period of age I have a different habit, and now I have the habit of listening to English music every day. This started since I was learning English at the age of 12, and my teacher encouraged us to listen to appropriate English songs to improve our listening skill and vocabulary. At first I just listened to them as homework, but gradually I fell in love with the melodies and lyrics of the songs. I listen to music in all of my spare time, and people easily find me wearing headphones everywhere. I listen to many different types of music, and my list of music now is up to a few hundred songs. In the morning I like to listen to Pop and Dance while preparing to go to school because they keep me awake and give me energy for the day. At noon I listen to the gentle country music to relax, and classical music is the first choice at bedtime so I can fall asleep easily. Some of my favorite singers are Adele, Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber, etc. They also help me read more in English about international music news. My sister is also learning another language, and I encourage her to develop a listening habit so that she can improve her listening skill and vocabulary. Music is such a useful tool for entertaining, and I will maintain this daily routine as a way to both learn relax.

3
24 tháng 11 2019

At each period of age I have a different habit, and now I have the habit of listening to English music every day. This started since I was learning English at the age of 12, and my teacher encouraged us to listen to appropriate English songs to improve our listening skill and vocabulary. At first I just listened to them as homework, but gradually I fell in love with the melodies and lyrics of the songs. I listen to music in all of my spare time, and people easily find me wearing headphones everywhere. I listen to many different types of music, and my list of music now is up to a few hundred songs. In the morning I to listen to Pop and Dance while preparing to go to school because they keep me awake and give me energy for the day. At noon I listen to the gentle country music to relax, and classical music is the first choice at bedtime so I can fall asleep easily. Some of my favorite singers are Adele, Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber, etc. They also help me read more in English about international music news. My sister is also learning another language, and I encourage her to develop a listening habit so that she can improve her listening skill and vocabulary. Music is such a useful tool for entertaining, and I will maintain this daily routine as a way to both learn relax.

dịch:

Ở mỗi độ tuổi tôi có một thói quen khác nhau, và bây giờ tôi có thói quen nghe nhạc tiếng Anh mỗi ngày. Điều này bắt đầu từ khi tôi học tiếng Anh từ năm 12 tuổi và giáo viên của tôi khuyến khích chúng tôi nghe các bài hát tiếng Anh phù hợp để cải thiện kỹ năng nghe và từ vựng. Lúc đầu tôi chỉ nghe họ làm bài tập về nhà, nhưng dần dần tôi đã yêu những giai điệu và lời của các bài hát. Tôi nghe nhạc trong tất cả thời gian rảnh rỗi và mọi người dễ dàng thấy tôi đeo tai nghe ở mọi nơi. Tôi nghe nhiều loại nhạc khác nhau và danh sách nhạc của tôi hiện lên tới vài trăm bài hát. Vào buổi sáng, tôi thích nghe nhạc Pop và Dance khi chuẩn bị đi học vì chúng giúp tôi tỉnh táo và cho tôi năng lượng cho cả ngày. Vào buổi trưa, tôi nghe nhạc đồng quê nhẹ nhàng để thư giãn, và nhạc cổ điển là lựa chọn đầu tiên khi đi ngủ để tôi có thể dễ dàng chìm vào giấc ngủ. Một số ca sĩ yêu thích của tôi là Adele, Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber, v.v ... Họ cũng giúp tôi đọc thêm bằng tiếng Anh về tin tức âm nhạc quốc tế. Chị tôi cũng đang học một ngôn ngữ khác, và tôi khuyến khích cô ấy phát triển thói quen nghe để cô ấy có thể cải thiện kỹ năng nghe và từ vựng. Âm nhạc là một công cụ hữu ích để giải trí và tôi sẽ duy trì thói quen hàng ngày này như một cách để vừa học thư giãn.

24 tháng 11 2019

Ở mỗi độ tuổi tôi có một thói quen khác nhau, và bây giờ tôi có thói quen nghe nhạc tiếng Anh mỗi ngày. Điều này bắt đầu từ khi tôi học tiếng Anh từ năm 12 tuổi và giáo viên của tôi khuyến khích chúng tôi nghe các bài hát tiếng Anh phù hợp để cải thiện kỹ năng nghe và từ vựng. Lúc đầu tôi chỉ nghe họ làm bài tập về nhà, nhưng đa dạng tôi đã yêu những giai điệu và lời của các bài hát. Tôi nghe nhạc trong tất cả thời gian rảnh rỗi và mọi người dễ dàng thấy tôi đeo tai nghe ở mọi nơi. Tôi nghe nhiều loại nhạc khác nhau và danh sách nhạc của tôi hiện lên tới vài trăm bài hát. Vào buổi sáng, tôi thích nghe nhạc Pop và Dance khi chuẩn bị đi học vì chúng giúp tôi tỉnh táo và cho tôi năng lượng cho cả ngày. Vào buổi trưa, tôi nghe nhạc đồng quê nhẹ nhàng để thư giãn, và nhạc cổ điển là lựa chọn đầu tiên khi đi ngủ để tôi có thể dễ dàng chìm vào giấc ngủ. Một số ca sĩ yêu thích của tôi là Adele, Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber, v.v ... Họ cũng giúp tôi đọc thêm bằng tiếng Anh về tin tức âm nhạc quốc tế. Chị tôi cũng đang học một ngôn ngữ khác, và tôi khuyến khích cô ấy phát triển thói quen nghe để cô ấy có thể cải thiện kỹ năng nghe và từ vựng. Âm nhạc là một công cụ hữu ích để giải trí và tôi sẽ duy trì thói quen hàng ngày này như một cách để vừa học thư giãn.

VIIL.Complete the questions with the verbs in the present simple.When(study)7 they (finish) school?2. What subjects 3. 4 Where .Who you you (like) Maths?(live)?(sit) next to at school?you IX.Read the letter from George.Choose the correct answer: A, B, or C Dear Sergio, How(I)you?(2) you want to know about a typical day at my chool?1 always (3)to school with my brother and my friend Steve.School starts at 7 clock 4) the morning, we have five lessons, usually different subjects.Then we lave lunch...
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VIIL.Complete the questions with the verbs in the present simple.When(study)7 they (finish) school?2. What subjects 3. 4 Where .Who you you (like) Maths?(live)?(sit) next to at school?you IX.Read the letter from George.Choose the correct answer: A, B, or C Dear Sergio, How(I)you?(2) you want to know about a typical day at my chool?1 always (3)to school with my brother and my friend Steve.School starts at 7 clock 4) the morning, we have five lessons, usually different subjects.Then we lave lunch I (5) have lunch at school, I go home.In the afternoon, there (6) two lessons My favourite subject is Geography.After school, we often play football.What aboui your Bye for now, George C. are C. Are C. walking A. do A. Does B go B. Do A. walk A. On A. don't A. have B. In B. not B.is C. At C. doesn't Care Underline the correet words.1. This week, he is learning/learns how to speak in public.2. In the summer, I am swimming/ swim at the swimming pool.3. What is she doing does she do at the moment?4. I can't talk now.I am having/ have dinner 5. Are you watching/ Do you watch TV right now?6. We are staying stay at the beach every summer x.xV.Match the questions in column A with the answers in column IB.Answer .What are those?2. Where's your house?a.He lives in town .By motorbik Where does he live?4. No, she lives in the sountry d.It's on Nguyen Iran Street e.Yes, there are f.At six in the morning g.They're video gans rooms .Yes, it is.What time does she get up?5. When do classes start?6. How does she go to work?7. Does she live in town?8. Is it noisy in town?9. Does Nam walk to school?10. Are there any stores opposite your house?No, he goes to school by bike .At 7 in the moraing XVI.Mateh the questions and answers, and write the answer in each blank.Then practise the sh 5exchanges.

I. What are you reading a.No, thay're my old jeans How many books do you read a month?b.About two or three 3.Are you wearing your new jeans?.Do you oten wear jeans?5.How many hours a day do you watch TV7e.c.Yes, most of the time d.It's a film about London No, that's his sister 6 What are you watching at the moment?f.The Lord of the Rings 7.Is Ben playing the s Does she usually play in the aftermoon?h.One or two.Yes, she always plays from 4 until 5 XVIL.Rearder the convenation I'm nervous Hi, Mary.How are you?Because tomorrow is the Maths test.Really?What's the matter?I'm not very happy Why are you nervous?XVII.Couplete each sentence so that it means the same as the sentesce abeve.1. My sister goes to school on foot.My sister 2. The garden is behind Lan's house There is 3. The bank is not far from the post office The bank is 4. There are many flowers in our garden.Our garden 5. Ba lives in town Ba doesnt XIX.Rearrange the words to make correct sentences.1. nearl house/ is/ your/ there/ post office/ a?2. school/ go/ your dol to/ how/ students/ country in?3. go/ by/ to/ they/ bicycle/ school.4. work/ tol city/ your/ in/ how/ people/ da/ travel?5. motorbike/ by/ people/ travel/ work/ to 6. there/ post officel front/ your school/ in/ is/ of/ a?-51

3
11 tháng 11 2018

cái đề làm mk hoa mắt @@

12 tháng 11 2018

bn vt gọn một ít,mk nhìn hoa cả mắtohooho

Dịch:Some theories of the purpose of dreamsFreud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We...
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Dịch:

Some theories of the purpose of dreams

Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?

Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.

The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.

Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit like a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.

Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.

REM and dreaming

Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.

Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.

It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, like language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.

New research

Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses like hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.

Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.

So what’s the conclusion?

Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in particular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.

Doing the research for this article has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?

Find the new words and translate it

5
1 tháng 2 2018

Một số lý thuyết về mục đích của những giấc mơ

Freud tin rằng chúng ta mơ ước để chúng ta có thể giải toả những ham muốn sâu, bí mật mà chúng ta không được phép diễn đạt trong cuộc sống thực bởi vì các quy tắc của xã hội lịch sự. Hầu hết mọi người đều biết về phân tích giấc mơ của Freud - giấc mơ về một con tàu đi vào đường hầm là một giấc mơ về quan hệ tình dục. Nhưng liệu đó có phải chỉ là một giấc mơ khi du hành trên tàu?

Một lý thuyết khác là những giấc mơ cho phép chúng ta giải quyết những vấn đề mà chúng ta không thể giải quyết trong cuộc sống thực. Chúng tôi đi ngủ với một vấn đề và thức dậy với câu trả lời. Đây có thể là một cách để "sử dụng" ước mơ của chúng ta hơn là một mục đích "của mơ ước. Nếu bạn tin rằng giấc mơ của bạn là quan trọng thì việc phân tích chúng có thể giúp bạn tập trung suy nghĩ về vấn đề và giúp bạn tìm ra giải pháp.

Hình ảnh hiện đại là giấc mơ là cách để làm sạch ổ cứng của máy tính, tổ chức các sự kiện trong ngày vào các thư mục và xóa các rác mà nó không muốn giữ. Nhưng tất cả chúng ta đều biết rằng rất ít những gì chúng tôi mơ ước mỗi tối liên quan đến những gì đã xảy ra với chúng tôi ngày hôm đó.

Một ý tưởng khác là giấc mơ là cách hành xử của não đối với hành vi mà chúng ta cần phải tồn tại. Vì vậy, chúng tôi mơ ước được bị đuổi bởi một con quái vật bởi vì một ngày nào đó có thể xảy ra! Nó giống như một nghệ sĩ piano thực hành quy mô của cô ấy mỗi ngày mặc dù cô ấy không cần sử dụng chúng vào lúc đó.

Những người khác tin rằng giấc mơ là cách não thực hiện các con đường giữa các tế bào não. Đây có thể là một yếu tố quan trọng tại sao chúng ta ngủ nhiều hơn là tại sao chúng ta mơ ước. Chúng ta chết nếu chúng ta không ngủ nhưng chúng ta có thể sống mà không mơ mộng. Một số bệnh nhân bị thương não mất khả năng mơ ước nhưng dường như không bị ảnh hưởng xấu.

REM và mơ ước

Các nhà khoa học từng nghĩ rằng giấc mơ chỉ xảy ra trong giấc ngủ Mắt nhanh (REM). Giấc ngủ REM là điều cần thiết cho tất cả các động vật có vú. Tất cả chúng ta trở nên cáu kỉnh và chán nản nếu không có nó. Nếu chúng ta không có đủ giấc ngủ đêm REM, chúng tôi sẽ đền bù bằng cách có thêm thời gian tiếp theo. REM được tạo ra bởi bộ não - phần lâu đời nhất và nguyên thủy nhất của bộ não. Vì vậy, các nhà khoa học từng tin rằng giấc mơ cũng là do hoạt động trong não. Bây giờ chúng ta biết rằng giấc mơ có thể xảy ra bất cứ lúc nào trong suốt giấc ngủ. Sự khác biệt duy nhất có thể là dễ nhớ hơn những giấc mơ xảy ra trong REM.

Trẻ sơ sinh có nhiều hoạt động REM hơn người lớn, nhưng nghiên cứu cho thấy họ mơ ước ít hơn. Điều này cũng có thể đúng với động vật. Chúng tôi biết rằng họ có hoạt động REM nhưng điều đó không có nghĩa là họ mơ ước.

Nó cũng có vẻ như là mơ ước là một kỹ năng phát triển khi bạn lớn lên, chẳng hạn như ngôn ngữ ví dụ. Ước mơ của trẻ nhỏ rất khác so với giấc mơ của những đứa trẻ lớn tuổi hơn và người lớn.

Nghiên cứu mới

Công nghệ hiện đại đã cho phép các nhà khoa học lập bản đồ các bộ phận của não hoạt động khi chúng ta mơ ước. Giun sơ khai rất năng động, nhưng cũng là những khu vực quan trọng khác ở phía trước của não. Đây là những thùy trán điều khiển cảm xúc, trí nhớ và kinh nghiệm đi qua các giác quan như nghe và nhìn. Nếu những khu vực này bị thương, người đó ngừng mơ. Mặt khác, các lĩnh vực kiểm soát suy nghĩ hợp lý, hợp lý không hoạt động chút nào. Điều này có thể giải thích tại sao những giấc mơ thật kỳ lạ. Họ không có trình tự hoặc thời gian hợp lý, điều này khiến họ rất khó giải thích cho người khác khi chúng tôi thức dậy. Giấc mơ kết hợp các sự kiện gần đây với những sự kiện trong quá khứ và cảm xúc của chúng ta trong khi chúng ta đang mơ ước thường rất mạnh.

Các nhà tâm lý học cũng đã thực hiện các nghiên cứu về những người giữ nhật ký trong một thời gian dài (đến 50 năm trong một số trường hợp) và nhận thấy rằng những gì chúng ta mơ ước có liên quan rất nhiều đến cách chúng ta suy nghĩ và hành xử khi chúng ta tỉnh táo. Vì vậy, một người hướng ngoại, mạo hiểm sẽ có những giấc mơ hướng ngoại, mạo hiểm. Một người nhút nhát sẽ là một người nhút nhát trong những giấc mơ của mình. Những người quan trọng đối với chúng ta thường có trong giấc mơ của chúng ta và những điều đó sẽ làm chúng ta lo lắng hoặc làm cho chúng ta hạnh phúc.

Vậy kết luận là gì?

Vâng, không ai thực sự biết. Nhưng các nhà khoa học hiện đang cho thấy những giấc mơ hoàn toàn không có mục đích. Khi chúng ta tỉnh dậy chúng ta đang 'suy nghĩ' mọi lúc. Một số suy nghĩ này là hữu ích và có một mục đích. Nhưng chúng ta thường chỉ "nghĩ" về không có gì đặc biệt trong khi chúng ta chờ xe buýt hoặc đi bộ để làm việc. Và đó là những gì mà bộ não đang làm khi chúng ta đang ngủ - chỉ cần suy nghĩ. Đôi khi nó thú vị và đôi khi nó là nhàm chán.

Làm nghiên cứu cho bài viết này đã làm tôi quan tâm nhiều hơn đến ước mơ của tôi chứ không phải là ít hơn. Tôi thậm chí có thể bắt đầu một nhật ký trong giấc mơ! Nhưng không có gì tôi đã đọc giải thích tại sao đôi khi tôi có một giấc mơ xấu hổ vì thấy mình đang đứng khỏa thân hoàn toàn tại bến xe buýt. May mắn thay, điều này đã không bao giờ xảy ra với tôi trong cuộc sống thực, và nó không phải là điều mà tôi nghĩ về khi tôi thức. Tôi được nói rằng đó là một ví dụ về 'giấc mơ phổ quát' - một giấc mơ phổ biến cho mọi người trên thế giới. Giấc mơ bay là một ví dụ khác. Vậy giải thích là gì? Chúng ta không thể chỉ "suy nghĩ" về cùng một điều, phải không?

1 tháng 2 2018

Some theories of the purpose of dreams

Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?

Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.

The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.

Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.

Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.

REM and dreaming

Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.

Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.

It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.

New research

Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.

Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.

So what’s the conclusion?

Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in parular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.

Doing the research for this arle has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?

3 tháng 7 2019

In the USA students start their secondary education at the age of 11. First they go to Middle School for three years. Then they go for Hight School for four years, form the age 14 to 18. Some students leave school when they are 16 and find jobs. But most students stay at Hight School still they are 18. Then they take exams and they get 'Hight School Diploma'. There aren't any national exams.

All students at secondary school in the USA study English, maths, science, and P.E., but students choose other subjects, so they don't all study the same subjects.

About 90% of students in the USA go to state schools. About 10% go to private schools. Most of the private schools are religious schools.

In the USA, students (1)_begin_______ their secondary education at the age of 11. First they (2) ___go_______ to Middle School for three years, from the age 14 to 18. Some students (3) __leave________ school when they are 16 and (4) __find________ jobs. But most students (5) _____stay_______ at High School still they are 18. Then they (6) __take________ exams and they get " High School Diploma". There aren't any national exams.

All students at secondary school in the USA (7) ____learn_________ English, maths, science and P.E, but students (8) __choose________ other subjects, so they don't all study the same subjects.

About 90% of (9) _____state______ in the USA go to state school. About 10% go to (10) ___priviate__________ schools. Most of the private schools are religious schools.

In the future, schools will be better. Computers will be much quicker and we might have pencils which write for us! All the students will have their own computers.When there is a history lesson, the computers will show important events. The students will be dressed up as the characters from the period they are studying. There will be hover boards in the playground, and students will come to school by hover cars.Every child will have a robot like themselves. The robots will have to go to school...
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In the future, schools will be better. Computers will be much quicker and we might have pencils which write for us! All the students will have their own computers.
When there is a history lesson, the computers will show important events. The students will be dressed up as the characters from the period they are studying. There will be hover boards in the playground, and students will come to school by hover cars.
Every child will have a robot like themselves. The robots will have to go to school while the students sit at home controlling them in front of their computers. The robots will have laser pens and the student will have laser ink pens.
The classroom will be floating, and the tables and chairs will, too. There will be no homework, and teachers won't take away the toys.
1. The student wants all of the following but not .
A. having laser ink pens
B. going to school
C. staying at home controlling a robot
D. having a robot like himself
2. In history lessons, the student wants the computer to .
A. show important people in history events
B. have new games
C. show history events and the student will be one of the important characters
D. find all information about the events from the Internet
3. If the history lesson today is about ancient Egypt, the student will _____________.
A. watch films about Egypt on the computer
B. become the queen
C. get dressed like the queen
D. see things and houses at that time
4. The student wants to have __________________.
A. floating classrooms
B. no homework
C. toys in the classroom
D. all A, B, and C
5. The word "hover" in paragraph 2 means ________________.
A. colourful
B. flying
C. moving
D. large

1
22 tháng 2 2022

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Culture World: USA A. Which Summer Camp Is For You? Which summer camp would you like to go to? Why? Millions of North American children and teenagers go to summer camps every year. At traditional camps the ‘campers’ do outdoor activities, for example, swimming, riding horses, or water-skiing. Many camps specialize in one acttivity - you can learn about ecology, music, science, and many more things. Check out our selection of camps. Mountain adventure Walk and climb in the beautiful North...
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Culture World: USA

A. Which Summer Camp Is For You? Which summer camp would you like to go to? Why?

Millions of North American children and teenagers go to summer camps every year. At traditional camps the ‘campers’ do outdoor activities, for example, swimming, riding horses, or water-skiing. Many camps specialize in one acttivity - you can learn about ecology, music, science, and many more things. Check out our selection of camps.

Mountain adventure

Walk and climb in the beautiful North Cascades (Washington State), then camp under the stars next to a lake. You learn about plants and animals and how to survive in the mountains.

Calliing all artists!

Be an artist at our Arts Cantre for students aged 13-18. We have courses in art, dance, music and theatre. Our studants have lots of fun and our teachers are excellent.

Circus camp

Would you like to be in a circus? We have classes for beginners and advanced students. More than 500 young people come every year and have a fantastic time with us. This year you can come too!

Whale camp

Come to Grand manan Island (between USA and Canada) and watch whales. Go round the island in a kayak and take photos of other sea animals and birds. Learn about ecology with marine biologists.

Fashion design

Are you the next Louis Vuitton or Giorgio Armani? Design and make your own clothes, then wear them at the fashion show.

Space camp

Meet NASA scientists and astronauts. Learn how to walk in space. See the stars in the summer sky. Design and buid your own rocket.

B. Read the magazine page quickly. Match the summer camps with the activities.

1. painting: _________________________________

2: animals: _________________________________

3. making clothes: _________________________________

4. walking in the country: _________________________________

5. science: _________________________________

6. acrobats: _________________________________

C. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F).

1. A lot of US and Canadian children and teenagers go to summer camps. ___

2. Campers can do more than one activity at some summer camps. ___

3. At the Mountain adventure camp you can sleep outside. ___

4. There isn’t a camp for people who like dancing. ___

5. You can go on a boat at the Whale camp. ___

6. At the Space camp you can go up into space in a rocket. ___

D. Your project.

Work in a group. Find out about activites you can do in different places in our country in the summer. Take Da Lat as an example.

Name of place

Name of activity

Information

Da Lat

Hiking and cimbing

Many pine forest, waterfalls.

sightseeing

Many kinds of flowers all year round.

Visit ethnic villages.

2
30 tháng 8 2017
Văn hoá Thế giới: Hoa Kỳ A. Trại hè nào là dành cho bạn? Bạn muốn đi trại hè nào? Tại sao? Hàng triệu trẻ em và thanh thiếu niên ở Bắc Mỹ đi đến các trại hè mỗi năm. Tại các trại truyền thống, 'trại viên' làm các hoạt động ngoài trời, ví dụ như bơi lội, cưỡi ngựa, hoặc trượt tuyết nước. Nhiều trại tập trung vào một hoạt động - bạn có thể tìm hiểu về sinh thái, âm nhạc, khoa học, và nhiều thứ nữa. Kiểm tra lựa chọn trại của chúng tôi. Phiêu lưu trên núi Đi bộ và leo trèo ở North Cascades đẹp (Washington State), sau đó cắm trại dưới những ngôi sao bên cạnh hồ. Bạn tìm hiểu về thực vật và động vật và làm thế nào để tồn tại trên núi. Gọi tất cả các nghệ sĩ! Hãy là nghệ sỹ tại Arts Cantre cho học sinh từ 13-18 tuổi. Chúng tôi có các khóa học về nghệ thuật, khiêu vũ, âm nhạc và sân khấu. Sinh viên của chúng tôi có rất nhiều niềm vui và giáo viên của chúng tôi là tuyệt vời. Trại xiếc Bạn có muốn ở trong rạp xiếc không? Chúng tôi có các lớp dành cho người mới bắt đầu và sinh viên tiên tiến. Hơn 500 người trẻ tuổi đến mỗi năm và có một thời gian tuyệt vời với chúng tôi. Năm nay bạn cũng có thể đến! Trại cá voi Đến đảo Grand manan (giữa Mỹ và Canada) và xem cá voi. Đi vòng quanh hòn đảo trong thuyền kayak và chụp ảnh các loài động vật và chim biển khác. Tìm hiểu về sinh thái với các nhà sinh học biển. Thiết kế thời trang Bạn có phải là Louis Vuitton tiếp theo hay Giorgio Armani? Thiết kế và thực hiện quần áo của riêng bạn, sau đó mặc chúng trong thời trang hiển thị. Trại vũ trụ Gặp các nhà khoa học và phi hành gia NASA. Học cách đi bộ trong không gian. Xem những vì sao trong bầu trời mùa hè. Thiết kế và buông tên lửa của riêng bạn. B. Đọc nhanh trang tạp chí. Phù hợp với các trại hè với các hoạt động. 1. sơn: _________________________________ 2: động vật: _________________________________ 3. làm quần áo: _________________________________ 4. Đi bộ trong nước: _________________________________ 5. khoa học: _________________________________ 6. Người nhào lộn: _________________________________ C. Các câu đúng (T) hay sai (F). 1. Nhiều trẻ em và thanh thiếu niên Mỹ và Canada đi đến các trại hè. ___ 2. Campers có thể làm nhiều hơn một hoạt động tại một số trại hè. ___ 3. Tại trại leo núi, bạn có thể ngủ ngoài trời. ___ 4. Không có trại cho những người thích khiêu vũ. ___ 5. Bạn có thể lên thuyền tại trại Whale. ___ 6. Tại trại vũ trụ bạn có thể đi lên không gian trong một tên lửa. ___ D. dự án của bạn. Làm việc trong một nhóm. Tìm hiểu về các hoạt động bạn có thể làm ở những nơi khác nhau ở nước ta vào mùa hè. Lấy Đà Lạt làm ví dụ. Tên địa điểm Tên hoạt động Thông tin Đà Lạt Đi bộ và leo núi Nhiều rừng thông, thác nước. tham quan Nhiều loại hoa quanh năm. Thăm làng dân tộc. P/s: tớ phải out roy nên chỉ dịch thôi , nếu còn cơ hội thì tớ sẽ lm...
4 tháng 9 2017

Culture World: USA

A. Which Summer Camp Is For You? Which summer camp would you like to go to? Why?

Millions of North American children and teenagers go to summer camps every year. At traditional camps the ‘campers’ do outdoor activities, for example, swimming, riding horses, or water-skiing. Many camps specialize in one activity - you can learn about ecology, music, science, and many more things. Check out our selection of camps.

Mountain adventure

Walk and climb in the beautiful North Cascades (Washington State), then camp under the stars next to a lake. You learn about plants and animals and how to survive in the mountains.

Calling all artists!

Be an artist at our Arts Centre for students aged 13-18. We have courses in art, dance, music and theatre. Our students have lots of fun and our teachers are excellent.

Circus camp

Would you like to be in a circus? We have classes for beginners and advanced students. More than 500 young people come every year and have a fantastic time with us. This year you can come too!

Whale camp

Come to Grand manna Island (between USA and Canada) and watch whales. Go round the island in a kayak and take photos of other sea animals and birds. Learn about ecology with marine biologists.

Fashion design

Are you the next Louis Vinton or Giorgio Armani? Design and make your own clothes, then wear them at the fashion show.

Space camp

Meet NASA scientists and astronauts. Learn how to walk in space. See the stars in the summer sky. Design and build your own rocket.

B. Read the magazine page quickly. Match the summer camps with the activities.

1. painting: _____ Calling all artists!_______

2: animals: ______________ Whale camp___________________

3. making clothes: ________________ Fashion design_________________

4. walking in the country: ____________ Mountain adventure_____________________

5. science: __________________ Space camp_______________

6. acrobats: _______________ Circus camp__________________

C. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F).

1. A lot of US and Canadian children and teenagers go to summer camps. _F__

2. Campers can do more than one activity at some summer camps. _T__

3. At the Mountain adventure camp you can sleep outside. _T__

4. There isn’t a camp for people who like dancing. __F_

5. You can go on a boat at the Whale camp. _T__

6. At the Space camp you can go up into space in a rocket. _T__

D. Your project.

Work in a group. Find out about activites you can do in different places in our country in the summer. Take Da Lat as an example.

Name of place

Name of activity

Information

Da Lat

Hiking and cimbing

Many pine forest, waterfalls.

sightseeing

Many kinds of flowers all year round.

Visit ethnic villages.