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Tổng quát:
\(n_{OH^{^{ }-}}=2n_{H_2}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,6mol\\ 2\cdot0,5\cdot\dfrac{V}{1000}+0,2\cdot\dfrac{V}{1000}=0,6\\ V=500mL\)
a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,15 0,3 0,15
\(m_{Zn}=0,15\cdot65=9,75\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{17,85}\cdot100\%=54,62\%\)
\(\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-54,62\%=45,38\%\)
b)\(m_{ZnO}=17,85-9,75=8,1\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1mol\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
0,1 0,2
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,3+0,2=0,5mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{0,5}{1}=0,5l=500ml\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,8.0,5=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,8.0,75=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{Cl^-}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố H:
\(n_{HCl}.1+n_{H_2SO_4}.2=n_{H_2}.2+n_{H_2O}.2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,4.1+0,6.2=0,2.2+n_{H_2O}.2\)
=>\(n_{H_2O}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_O=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{muối}=m_{kimloai}+m_{Cl^-}+m_{SO_4^{2-}}\)
=>\(m_{kimloai}=88,7-35,5.0,4-0,6.96=16,9\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m=m_{kimloai}+m_O=16,9+0,6.16=26,5\left(g\right)\)
1)
$MgO + 2HCl to MgCl_2 + H_2O$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
2)
$n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Mg} = 0,1.24 = 2,4(gam)$
$m_{MgO} = 4,4 - 2,4 = 2(gam)$
3)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Mg} + 2n_{MgO} = 0,1.2 + \dfrac{2}{40}.2 = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{2} = 0,15(lít) = 150(ml)$
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
Mol: 0,05 0,3 0,1
\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right);m_{Fe_2O_3}=13,6-5,6=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
b,\(m_{HCl}=\left(0,2+0,3\right).98=49\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{49.100}{10}=490\left(g\right)\)
c,\(m_{ddX}=13,6+490-0,1.2=503,4\left(g\right)\)
d,\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127.100\%}{503,4}=2,52\%\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,05.162,5.100\%}{503,4}=1,614\%\)
mik nhầm C%FeCl3
Sửa lại: \(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.162,5.100\%}{503,4}=3,228\%\)
$2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
$Ba + 2H_2O \to Ba(OH)_2 + H_2$
$n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol)$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{OH^-} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,15.2 = 0,3(mol)$
Coi $V_{hh} = V(lít)$
Suy ra : $n_{HCl} = 0,5V; n_{HNO_3} = V$
Suy ra: $n_{H^+} = 0,5V + V = 1,5V(mol)$
$H^+ + OH^- \to H_2O$
Suy ra: $1,5V = 0,3 \Rightarrow V = 0,2(lít) = 200(ml)$