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\(1) n_{KMnO_4}= \dfrac{31,6}{158} = 0,2(mol)\\ 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4} = 0,1(mol)\\ V_{O_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ 2) CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ V_{CH_4} = \dfrac{1}{2}V_{O_2} = 1,12(lít)\\ 3)n_{CH_4} = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(mol)\\ \text{Nhiệt lượng tỏa ra = } = 0,05.880 = 44(KJ)\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{15,8}{158}=0,1mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
-->A
a)PTHH:2KClO\(_3\)➞\(^{t^o}\)2KCl+3O\(_2\)
b) n\(_{KClO_3}\)=\(\dfrac{m_{KClO_3}}{M_{KClO_3}}\)=\(\dfrac{12,15}{122,5}\)\(\approx\)0,1(m)
PTHH : 2KClO\(_3\) ➞\(^{t^o}\) 2KCl + 3O\(_2\)
tỉ lệ : 2 2 3
số mol : 0,1 0,1 0,15
V\(_{O_2}\)=n\(_{O_2}\).22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)
c)PTHH : 2Zn + O\(_2\) -> 2ZnO
tỉ lệ : 2 1 2
số mol :0,3 0,15 0,3
m\(_{Zn}\)=n\(_{Zn}\).M\(_{Zn}\)=0,3.65=19,5(g)
a) \(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{15,8}{158}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
(mol)..........0,1................0,05..........0,05......0,05
\(V_{O_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1.68}{56}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
(mol).......0,03....0,02.......0,1
\(PTHH:2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
(mol)..........0,04..............0,02............0,02....0,02
\(m_{KMnO_4}=0,04.158=6,32\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{KMnO_4\left(thựctế\right)}=6,32:95\%\approx6,65\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{7}{100}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{5,475}{36,5}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Xét \(\dfrac{n_{CaCO_3}}{1}=0,07< \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=0,075\)
=> HCl dư
Do đó, ta có:
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
_______0,075<---0,15__________________________(mol)
=> \(m_{CaCO_3\left(cầnthêm\right)}=\left(0,075-0,07\right).100=0,5\left(g\right)\)
a. \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{22.4}{22.4}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 2KMnO4 ----to----> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
2 1
\(m_{KMnO_4}=2.158=316\left(g\right)\)
b. PTHH : C + O2 ---to--->CO2
1 1 1
\(m_{CO_2}=1.44=44\left(g\right)\)
a, \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
b, \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{19,6}{122,5}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{KClO_3}=0,24\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,24.22,4=5,376\left(l\right)\)
c, \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2}=0,32\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,32.27=8,64\left(g\right)\)
a) \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
b) số mol của 19,6 g \(KClO_3\) là:
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{19,6}{122,5}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
thể tích của khí Oxi (đktc) là:
\(V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,24.22,4=5,376\left(l\right)\)
c)\(PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
khối lương Al cần dùng để tác dụng hết Oxi:
\(m_{Al}=n.M=0,32.27=8,64\left(g\right)\)
nKMnO4 = 15.8/158 = 0.1 (mol)
2KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0.1__________________________0.05
CH4 + 2O2 -to-> CO2 + 2H2O
______0.05_____0.025
CaO + CO2 -to-> CaCO3
0.025___0.025____0.025
mCaO = 1.4 (g)
mCaCO3 = 2.5 (g)
\(n_{KMnO_4} = \dfrac{15,8}{158} = 0,1(mol)\)
2KMnO4 \(\xrightarrow{t^o}\) K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,1..............................................0,05.................(mol)
CH4 + 2O2 \(\xrightarrow{t^o}\) CO2 + 2H2O
0,025.....0,05......0,025........................(mol)
CO2 + CaO \(\xrightarrow{t^o}\) CaCO3
0,025...0,025......0,025..............(mol)
Vậy :
\(V_{CH_4}\) = 0,025.22,4 = 0,56 lít
mCaO = 0,025.56=1,4(gam)
\(m_{CaCO_3} = 0,025.100 = 2,5(gam)\)