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a) 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
b) \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{36,75}{122,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
0,3----------------->0,45
=> V = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08 (l)
nKClO3 = 36,75 : 122,5 = 0,3 (mol)
pthh : 2KClO3 -t--> 2KCl + 3O2
0,3----------------------->0,45 (mol)
=> V= VO2 = 0,45 . 22,4 = 10,08 (L)
a) PTHH: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c) PTHH: \(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[t^o]{MnO_2}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot122,5\approx8,17\left(g\right)\)
a)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 ____\(t^o\)____> Fe3O4 (1)
b) Ta có: nFe = \(\dfrac{25.2}{56}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
Theo (1): n\(O_2\)= \(\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}0.45=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
c) PTHH: 2KClO3 __\(t^o\)___> 2KCl + 3O2 (2)
-Muốn điều chế được lượng oxi dùng cho phản ứng trên thì \(n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo (2) \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}0.3=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{KClO_3}=0.2\cdot122.5=24.5\left(g\right)\)
1)
H2+CuO->Cu+H2O
0,2-----------0,2 mol
nH2=\(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}\)=0,2 mol
=>m Cu=0,2.64=12,8g
2)
2KClO3-to>2KCl+3O2
0,3----------------------0,45 mol
n KClO3=\(\dfrac{36,75}{122,5}\)=0,3 mol
=>VO2=0,45.22,4=10,08l
3Fe+2O2-to>Fe3O4
0,675--0,45 mol
=>m Fe=0,675.56=37,8g
mMg = 3.6/24 = 0.15 (mol)
2Mg + O2 -to-> 2MgO
0.15__0.075____0.15
mMgO= 0.15*40 = 6 (g)
VO2 = 0.075*22.4 = 1.68 (l)
2KClO3 -to-> 2KCl + 3O2
0.05_______________0.075
mKClO3 = 0.05*122.5 = 6.125 (g)
PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{O_2}=0,075\cdot22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\m_{MgO}=0,15\cdot40=6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[MnO_2]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KClO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=0,05\cdot122,5=6,125\left(g\right)\)
nP = 3,1 : 31 = 0,1 (mol)
pthh : 4P + 5O2 -t--> 2P2O5 (1)
0,1--> 0,125 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,125 .22,4 = 2,8(l)
pthh : 2KMnO4 -t--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 +O2 (2)
0,25<--------------------------- 0,125(mol)
=> mKMnO4 = 0,25 .158 = 39,5(g)
d ) (1) là Phản ứng hóa hợp
(2) là phản ứng phân hủy
nP = 3,1/31 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 -> (t°) 2P2O5 (phản ứng hóa hợp)
Mol: 0,1 ---> 0,125
VO2 = 0,125 . 22,4 = 2,8 (l)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 -> (t°) K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 (phản ứng phân hủy)
nKMnO4 = 0,125 . 2 = 0,25 (mol)
mKMnO4 = 0,25 . 158 = 39,5 (g)
Câu 3.
a.b.\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{24,5}{122,5}=0,2mol\)
\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o,MnO_2\right)2KCl+3O_2\)
0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
c.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
0,2 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2g\)
Câu 4.
a.b.
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{12,25}{122,5}=0,1mol\)
\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o,MnO_2\right)2KCl+3O_2\)
0,1 0,15 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
c.\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
0,15 < 0,15 ( mol )
0,15 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,05.232=11,6g\)
a)PTHH:2KClO\(_3\)➞\(^{t^o}\)2KCl+3O\(_2\)
b) n\(_{KClO_3}\)=\(\dfrac{m_{KClO_3}}{M_{KClO_3}}\)=\(\dfrac{12,15}{122,5}\)\(\approx\)0,1(m)
PTHH : 2KClO\(_3\) ➞\(^{t^o}\) 2KCl + 3O\(_2\)
tỉ lệ : 2 2 3
số mol : 0,1 0,1 0,15
V\(_{O_2}\)=n\(_{O_2}\).22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)
c)PTHH : 2Zn + O\(_2\) -> 2ZnO
tỉ lệ : 2 1 2
số mol :0,3 0,15 0,3
m\(_{Zn}\)=n\(_{Zn}\).M\(_{Zn}\)=0,3.65=19,5(g)