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a: \(M=\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{5\cdot7}+...+\dfrac{2}{97\cdot99}+\dfrac{2}{99\cdot101}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{3}{10}-\dfrac{3}{202}=\dfrac{150}{101}\)
b: 
\(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+....+\frac{1}{2n-1}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+....+\frac{1}{2n}\right)=\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{2n-1}+\frac{1}{2n}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+.....+\frac{1}{2n}\right)=\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2n-1}+\frac{1}{2n}-\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}-....-\frac{1}{n}=\frac{1}{n+1}+\frac{1}{n+2}+....+\frac{1}{2n}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
=>\(S< =\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\)
=>\(S< =\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{n}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{n-1}{n}< =\dfrac{1}{4}\)
a) Vế trái \(=\dfrac{1.3.5...39}{21.22.23...40}=\dfrac{1.3.5.7...21.23...39}{21.22.23....40}=\dfrac{1.3.5.7...19}{22.24.26...40}\)
\(=\dfrac{1.3.5.7....19}{2.11.2.12.2.13.2.14.2.15.2.16.2.17.2.18.2.19.2.20}\\ =\dfrac{1.3.5.7.9.....19}{\left(1.3.5.7.9...19\right).2^{20}}=\dfrac{1}{2^{20}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
b) Vế trái
\(=\dfrac{1.3.5...\left(2n-1\right)}{\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right).\left(n+3\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1.2.3.4.5.6...\left(2n-1\right).2n}{2.4.6...2n.\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1.2.3.4...\left(2n-1\right).2n}{2^n.1.2.3.4...n.\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2^n}.\\ \left(đpcm\right)\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot5}+\dfrac{1}{5\cdot7}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}\\ 2P=\dfrac{2}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{2}{3\cdot5}+\dfrac{2}{5\cdot7}+...+\dfrac{2}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n+1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+3}\\ =1-\dfrac{1}{2n+3}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(n+1\right)}{2n+3}\\ P=\dfrac{2\left(n+1\right)}{2n+3}:2\\ =\dfrac{n+1}{2n+3}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{2n^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{2.4}+\frac{2}{4.6}+\frac{2}{6.8}+...+\frac{2}{\left(2n-2\right).2n}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{2n-2}-\frac{1}{2n}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2n}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2n.2}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2n.2}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{2n^2}< \frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{2n^2}< \frac{1}{4}\) (Đpcm)
Lời giải:
a/
Gọi ƯCLN(n+1, 2n+3)=d$
Khi đó:
$n+1\vdots d\Rightarrow 2n+2\vdots d(1)$
$2n+3\vdots d(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow (2n+3)-(2n+1)\vdots d$ hay $1\vdots d$
$\Rightarrow d=1$
Vậy $n+1, 2n+3$ nguyên tố cùng nhau nên phân số đã cho tối giản.
Câu b,c làm tương tự.
Đặt P= 1/4^2+1/6^2+1/8^2+...1/2n^2
= > P= 1/2.(2/2.4+2/4.6+2/6.8+...+ 2/(2n-2).2n)
=> P= 1/2.(1/2-1/2n)
=> P= 1/2.1/2-1/2.1/2n
=> P = (1/4 -1/2.1/2n)(1/4
Vậy P<1/4 ( đcpcm)
chứng tỏ rằng làm sao
là sao
chứng tỏ cái j