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Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(2011.x^{2012}+1\ge2012.x^{2011}\) ; \(2011y^{2012}+1\ge2012x^{2011}\)
\(\Rightarrow2011\left(x^{2012}+y^{2012}\right)\ge2011\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)+x^{2011}+y^{2011}-2\)
Mặt khác \(x^{2011}+2010\ge2011x\) ; \(y^{2011}+2010\ge2011y\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2011}+y^{2011}\ge2011\left(x+y\right)-2010.2=2\)
\(\Rightarrow2011\left(x^{2012}+y^{2012}\right)\ge2011\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2012}+y^{2012}\ge x^{2011}+y^{2011}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
x2+y2+z2= xy+yz+zx.
=> 2x2+2y2+2z2-2xy-2yz-2zx=0
=> ( x-y)2+(y-z.)2+(z-x)2 =0
=> x=y=z=0
Thay x=y=z vào x2011+y2011+z2011=32012 ta được:
3.x2011=3.32011
=> x2011=32011
=> x=3 hoặc x = -3
Hay x=y=z=3 hoặc x=y=z=-3
1) có bn giải rồi ko giải nữa
2) \(A=\frac{\left(1^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(3^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(5^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)....\left(2011^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)}{\left(2^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(4^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(6^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)....\left(2012^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)}\)
Với mọi n thuộc N ta có :
\(n^4+\frac{1}{4}=\left(n^4+2.\frac{1}{2}.n^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)-n^2=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-n^2=\left(n^2-n+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(n^2+n+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left[n\left(n-1\right)+\frac{1}{2}\right]\left[n\left(n+1\right)+\frac{1}{2}\right]\)
Áp dụng ta được :
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}\left(1.2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(2.3+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(3.4+\frac{1}{2}\right)....\left(2011.2012+\frac{1}{2}\right)}{\left(1.2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(2.3+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(3.4+\frac{1}{2}\right).......\left(2012.2013+\frac{1}{2}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2012.2013+\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{1}{8100313}\)
cho mk hỏi chút sao chỗ từ (1), (2) lại suy ra đc 1= x+y-xy vậy?
Bài ni t mần cho phát chán nó rồi:))
Ta có:\(x^{2012}+y^{2012}=\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\left(a+b\right)-ab\left(a^{2010}+b^{2010}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Mặt khác:\(x^{100}+y^{100}=x^{101}+y^{101}=x^{102}+y^{102}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow1=x+y-xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\Rightarrow1+y^{2010}=1+y^{2011}=1+y^{2012}\Rightarrow y=1\\y=1\Rightarrow x^{2010}+1=x^{2011}+1=x^{2012}+1\Rightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)vì \(x;y\) là các số dương
Thay vào ta được:\(A=1^{2020}+1^{2020}=2\)
+ \(\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=x^{2012}+y^{2012}+xy\left(x^{2010}+y^{2010}\right)\)
\(=\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)+xy\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\)
\(=\left(xy+1\right)\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\)
+ Vì x, y dương nên \(x^{2011}+y^{2011}>0\)
=> x + y = xy + 1
=> x + y - xy - 1 = 0
=> ( y - 1 ) - x( y - 1 ) = 0
=> ( 1 - x ) ( y - 1 ) = 0
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
+ x = 1 => \(1+y^{2010}=1+y^{2011}=1+y^{2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow y^{2010}=y^{2011}\) \(\Rightarrow y^{2010}-y^{2011}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y^{2010}\left(1-y\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y=1\left(doy>0\right)\)
+ Tương tự nếu y = 1 ta cùng tìm được x = 1
Do đó : A = 2
Lời giải khác:
Ta có:
\(x^{2011}+y^{2011}=x^{2010}+y^{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2011}-x^{2010}+y^{2011}-y^{2010}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2010}(x-1)+y^{2010}(y-1)=0(1)\)
Và: \(x^{2011}+y^{2011}=x^{2012}+y^{2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2012}-x^{2011}+y^{2012}-y^{2011}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2011}(x-1)+y^{2011}(y-1)=0(2)\)
Lấy (2)-(1) ta có:
\(x^{2011}(x-1)-x^{2010}(x-1)+y^{2011}(y-1)-y^{2010}(y-1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2010}(x-1)^2+y^{2010}(y-1)^2=0\)
Dễ thấy \(x^{2010}(x-1)^2\geq 0; y^{2010}(y-1)^2\geq 0, \forall x,y>0\)
Do đó để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì \(x^{2010}(x-1)^2=y^{2010}(y-1)^2=0\)
Mà $x,y$ đều dương nên $x=y=1$
Khi đó ta dễ tính ra $A=2$
\(x^{2010}+y^{2010}=x^{2011}+y^{2011}=x^{2012}+y^{2012}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^{2012}+x^{2010}-2x^{2011}\right)+\left(y^{2012}+y^{2010}-2y^{2011}\right)=9\)\(\rightarrow x^{2010}\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+y^{2010}\left(y^2-y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2010}\left(x-1\right)^2+y^{2010}\left(y-1\right)^2=0\)
Do x;y dương => x=y=1
Xét \(\left(x^{2012}+y^{2012}\right)-\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)\)
\(=x^{2011}\left(x-1\right)+y^{2011}\left(y-1\right)\)
\(=x^{2011}\left(1-y\right)+y^{2011}\left(y-1\right)\) (do \(x-1=1-y\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^{2012}+y^{2012}\right)-\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)=\left(1-y\right)\left(x^{2011}-y^{2011}\right)\)
+ Giả sử \(x\ge y\Rightarrow x^{2011}\ge y^{2011}\) và \(x\ge1\ge y\)
Do đó \(\left(1-y\right)\left(x^{2011}-y^{2011}\right)\ge0\) (Đpcm)
+ Tương tự nếu \(y\ge x\Rightarrow y^{2011}\ge x^{2011}\) và \(y\ge1\ge x\)
Do đó \(\left(1-y\right)\left(x^{2011}-y^{2011}\right)\ge0\) (Đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
Xét \left(x^{2012}+y^{2012}\right)-\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)(x2012+y2012)−(x2011+y2011)
=x^{2011}\left(x-1\right)+y^{2011}\left(y-1\right)=x2011(x−1)+y2011(y−1)
=x^{2011}\left(1-y\right)+y^{2011}\left(y-1\right)=x2011(1−y)+y2011(y−1) (do x-1=1-yx−1=1−y)
\Leftrightarrow\left(x^{2012}+y^{2012}\right)-\left(x^{2011}+y^{2011}\right)=\left(1-y\right)\left(x^{2011}-y^{2011}\right)⇔(x2012+y2012)−(x2011+y2011)=(1−y)(x2011−y2011)
+ Giả sử x\ge y\Rightarrow x^{2011}\ge y^{2011}x≥y⇒x2011≥y2011 và x\ge1\ge yx≥1≥y
Do đó \left(1-y\right)\left(x^{2011}-y^{2011}\right)\ge0(1−y)(x2011−y2011)≥0 (Đpcm)
+ Tương tự nếu y\ge x\Rightarrow y^{2011}\ge x^{2011}y≥x⇒y2011≥x2011 và y\ge1\ge xy≥1≥x
Do đó \left(1-y\right)\left(x^{2011}-y^{2011}\right)\ge0(1−y)(x2011−y2011)≥0 (Đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1x=y=1