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\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,1---->0,3
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
0,3<--------------------0,3
=> m = 0,3.65 = 19,5 (g)
a.b.\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,1 0,3 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
c.\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{125.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,5mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 < 0,5 ( mol )
0,2 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4g\)
\(m_{ddspứ}=\left(0,2.56\right)+125-0,2.2=135,8g\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{135,8}.100=18,7\%\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\:\right)\\
Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,1 0,3 0,2
=> \(m_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=125.14,6\%=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
Fe + 2HCl →FeCl2 +H2
\(C\%=\dfrac{11,2}{18,25}.100\%=61,3\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=\dfrac{40.9}{100}=3,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=9-3,6=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15 ------------------------> 0,15
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2 ---------------------------> 0,3
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=\left(0,15+0,3\right).22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{6,48}{18}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
Theo pthh: \(n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2O}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{oxit}=15,12+16.0,36=20,88\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{15,12}{56}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
=> x : y = 0,27 : 0,36 = 3 : 4
=> CTHH: Fe3O4 (oxit sắt từ)
mMg = 40%x9 = 3,6(g) =>nMg=3,6:24 = 0,15 (mol)
=> mAl = 9-3,6 = 5,4(g) => nAl = 5,4:27 = 0,2 (mol)
pthh : 2Al+6HCl -> 2AlCl3+3H2
0,2 0,3
Mg+2HCl -> MgCl2 +H2
0,15 0,15
=> nH2 = 0,15 + 0,3 = 0,45 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08 (L)
mH2 = 0,45 . 2 = 0,9 (mol)
áp dụng BLBTKL ta có :
mH2 + moxit sắt = mFe + mH2O
=> moxit sắt = 20,7 (g)
\(n_{Fe} =\dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)\\ \)
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
0,2.....0,4.........0,2........0,2..............(mol)
Vậy :
V = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)
\(m_{FeCl_2} = 0,2.127=25,4(gam)\)
\(m_{HCl} = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6(gam)\)
PTHH: Fe+2HCl → FeCl2+H2
a, nFe=m:M=11,2:56=0,2 mol
Theo PTHH, nFe=nH2=0,2 mol
VH2=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48 lít
b, Theo PTHH, nFeCl2=nFe=0,2
mFeCl2=n.M=0,2.127=25,4 g
c,
Theo PTHH, nHCl=2nFe=0,4 mol
mHCl=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6 g
a) Coi X là kim loại R hóa trị n
\(2R + 2nHCl \to 2RCl_n + nH_2\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_R = \dfrac{2}{n}n_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,3}{n}(mol)\\ 2R + 2nH_2O \to 2R(OH)_n + nH_2\\ n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{10,8}{18} = 0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_R = \dfrac{1}{n}n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{0,6}{n}(mol)\\ \)
Suy ra: \(\dfrac{m_1}{m_2} = \dfrac{0,3}{n} : \dfrac{0,6}{n} = \dfrac{1}{2}\)
b)
\(m_2 =2m_1 \\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl\ TN_2}} = 2C_{M_{HCl\ TN_1}} = 0,5.2 = 1M\)
Ta có : + H2 --> H2O
0,06-----0,06
--> m(R) = 3,48 - 0,06.16 = 2,52 gam
--> \(\frac{2,25n}{M}=\frac{1,008}{22,4}\)(n là hoá trị của R)
--> 28.n = M
--> n = 2 --> M = 56 (Fe)
nFe : nO = 0,045 : 0,06 = 3 : 4 --> oxit là :
a) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
1<-----------------------------0,5
=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=1.158=158\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{80}{160}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,5--->1,5
=> \(V_{H_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\) => CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,05<-0,05---->0,05-->0,05
=> \(n_{Cu\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
mCu = 0,05.64 = 3,2 (g)
VH2O = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)
a)\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
1 0,5
\(M_{KMnO_4}=1\cdot158=158g\)
b)\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{80}{160}=0,5mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,5 1,5
\(V_{H_2}=1,15\cdot22,4=25,76l\)
$Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow 2Fe+3H_2O$
$Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2$
Gọi số mol Fe2O3 là a
Ta có: $n_{H_2/(1)}=3a(mol);n_{H_2/(2)}=2a(mol)$
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{V}{V'}=\dfrac{n_{H_2\left(1\right)}}{n_{H_2\left(2\right)}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)