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\(A=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right).......\left(1-\frac{1}{19}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}......\frac{18}{19}.\frac{19}{20}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{20}\)
\(A=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)........\left(1-\frac{1}{19}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}...........\frac{18}{19}.\frac{19}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{20}>\frac{1}{21}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A>\frac{1}{21}\)
\(B=\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{9}\right)................\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\frac{3}{4}.\frac{8}{9}..................\frac{99}{100}\)
\(B=\frac{1.3}{2^2}.\frac{2.4}{3^2}................\frac{9.11}{50^2}\)
\(B=\frac{11}{50}< \frac{11}{21}\)
Ta có : \(A=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{19}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}....\frac{18}{19}.\frac{19}{20}\)
\(=\frac{1.2....18.19}{2.3...19.20}\)
\(=\frac{1}{20}>\frac{1}{21}\)
Vậy A > 1/21
\(A=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{19}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(A=\left(\frac{2}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{3}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)...\left(\frac{19}{19}-\frac{1}{19}\right)\left(\frac{20}{20}-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}...\frac{18}{19}.\frac{19}{20}\)
\(A=\frac{1.2.3...18.19}{2.3.4...19.20}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{20}\Leftrightarrow A>\frac{1}{21}\)
\(A=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right).....\left(1-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}......\frac{19}{20}=\frac{1}{20}>\frac{1}{21}\)
\(\text{Vậy: A lớn hơn 1/21}\)
\(A=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)...\left(1-\dfrac{1}{19}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{4}...\dfrac{18}{19}.\dfrac{19}{20}=\dfrac{1}{20}>\dfrac{1}{21}\)
Xét 3 số TN liên tiếp \(\left(n-1\right);n;\left(n+1\right)\) ta có
\(\left(n-1\right).n.\left(n+1\right)=n.\left(n^2-1\right)=n^3-n< n^3\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{20.21.22}=\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3-1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{4-2}{2.3.4}+\dfrac{5-3}{3.4.5}+...+\dfrac{22-20}{20.21.22}\right)=\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}-\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{20.21}-\dfrac{1}{21.22}\right)=\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{21.22}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2^2}-\dfrac{1}{2.21.22}< \dfrac{1}{2^2}\)
\(M=\frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+.....+\frac{1}{37\cdot38}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{37}-\frac{1}{38}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{37}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{38}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{38}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+....+\frac{1}{38}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{38}\)
\(N=\frac{1}{20\cdot38}+\frac{1}{21\cdot37}+...+\frac{1}{38\cdot20}\)
\(\Rightarrow58N=\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{38}+\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{37}+...+\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{20}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{38}\right)\)
\(=2A\)
\(\Rightarrow N=\frac{2}{58}M\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{M}{N}=29\)là số nguyên.
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{2}{3\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{2}{37\cdot39}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{37}-\dfrac{1}{39}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{38}{39}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
A = 1 − 1 2 . 1 − 1 3 . 1 − 1 4 ... 1 − 1 19 . 1 − 1 20 A = 1 2 . 2 3 . 3 4 .... 18 19 . 19 20 A = 1 20 > 1 21
Vậy A> 1 21