![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Giải:
a) \(M=21^9+21^8+21^7+...+21+1\)
Do \(21^n\) luôn có tận cùng là 1
\(\Rightarrow M=21^9+21^8+21^7+...+21+1\)
Tân cùng của M là:
\(1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1=10\) tận cùng là 0
\(\Rightarrow M⋮10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M⋮2;5\)
b) \(N=6+6^2+6^3+...+6^{2020}\)
\(N=6.\left(1+6\right)+6^3.\left(1+6\right)+...+6^{2019}.\left(1+6\right)\)
\(N=6.7+6^3.7+...+6^{2019}.7\)
\(N=7.\left(6+6^3+...+6^{2019}\right)⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow N⋮7\)
Ta thấy: \(N=6+6^2+6^3+...+6^{2020}⋮6\)
Mà \(6⋮̸9\)
\(\Rightarrow N⋮̸9\)
c) \(P=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{23}+4^{24}\)
\(P=1.\left(4+4^2\right)+4^2.\left(4+4^2\right)+...+4^{20}.\left(4+4^2\right)+4^{22}.\left(4+4^2\right)\)
\(P=1.20+4^2.20+...+4^{20}.20+4^{22}.20\)
\(P=20.\left(1+4^2+...+4^{20}+4^{22}\right)⋮20\)
\(\Rightarrow P⋮20\)
\(P=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{23}+4^{24}\)
\(P=4.\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...+4^{22}.\left(1+4+4^2\right)\)
\(P=4.21+...+4^{22}.21\)
\(P=21.\left(4+...+4^{22}\right)⋮21\)
\(\Rightarrow P⋮21\)
d) \(Q=6+6^2+6^3+...+6^{99}\)
\(Q=6.\left(1+6+6^2\right)+...+6^{97}.\left(1+6+6^2\right)\)
\(Q=6.43+...+6^{97}.43\)
\(Q=43.\left(6+...+6^{97}\right)⋮43\)
\(\Rightarrow Q⋮43\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹
= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)
= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)
= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13
= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13
Vậy P ⋮ 13
b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰
= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)
= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)
= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21
= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21
Vậy B ⋮ 21
c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸
= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)
= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)
= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21
= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21
Vậy A ⋮ 21
e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1
= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)
= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105
= 11⁵.16105 + 16105
= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)
= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
b: \(B=16^5+2^{15}\)
\(=\left(2^4\right)^5+2^{15}\)
\(=2^{20}+2^{15}\)
\(=2^{15}\left(2^5+1\right)=2^{15}\cdot33⋮33\)
c: \(45⋮9;99⋮9;180⋮9\)
Do đó: \(45+99+180⋮9\)
=>\(C⋮9\)
d: \(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
\(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+...+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+2^5\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{57}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)
\(=15\left(2+2^5+...+2^{57}\right)\)
=>D chia hết cho cả 3 và 5
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1. \(A=2^{2016}-1\)
\(2\equiv-1\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow2^{2016}\equiv1\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow2^{2016}-1\equiv0\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow A⋮3\)
\(2^{2016}=\left(2^4\right)^{504}=16^{504}\)
16 chia 5 dư 1 nên 16^504 chia 5 dư 1
=> 16^504-1 chia hết cho 5
hay A chia hết cho 5
\(2^{2016}-1=\left(2^3\right)^{672}-1=8^{672}-1⋮7\)
lý luận TT trg hợp A chia hết cho 5
(3;5;7)=1 = > A chia hết cho 105
2;3;4 TT ạ !!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 3:
\(A=5+5^2+..+5^{12}\)
\(5A=5\cdot\left(5+5^2+..5^{12}\right)\)
\(5A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\)
\(5A-A=\left(5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\right)-\left(5+5^2+...+5^{12}\right)\)
\(4A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}-5-5^2-...-5^{12}\)
\(4A=5^{13}-5\)
\(A=\dfrac{5^{13}-5}{4}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1
a, cm : A = 165 + 215 ⋮ 3
A = 165 + 215
A = (24)5 + 215
A = 220 + 215
A = 215.(25 + 1)
A = 215. 33 ⋮ 3 (đpcm)
b,cm : B = 88 + 220 ⋮ 17
B = (23)8 + 220
B = 216 + 220
B = 216.(1 + 24)
B = 216. 17 ⋮ 17 (đpcm)
c, cm: C = 1 - 2 + 22 - 23 + 24 - 25 + 26 -...-22021 + 22022 : 6 dư 1
C=1+(-2+22-23+24- 25+26)+...+(-22017+22018-22019+22020-22021+22022)
C = 1 + 42 +...+ 22016.(-2 + 22 - 23 + 24 - 25 + 26)
C = 1 + 42+...+ 22016.42
C = 1 + 42.(20+...+22016)
42 ⋮ 6 ⇒ C = 1 + 42.(20+...+22016) : 6 dư 1 đpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt A=1/21+1/22+...+1/60=(1/21+1/22+...+1/40)+(1/41+1/42+...+1/60)
Ta có:1/21>1/40, 1/22>1/40,..., 1/39>1/40
=>1/21+1/226+...+1/40>1/40+1/40+...+1/40=1/40.20=1/2
1/41>1/60, 1/42>1/60,...,1/59>1/60
=>1/41+1/42+...+1/60>1/60+1/60+...+1/60=1/60.20=1/3
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/60>1/2+1/3=5/6>11/15
=>A>11/15 (1)
Lại có: 1/21<1/20, 1/22<1/20,...,1/40<1/20
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/40<1/20+1/20+...+1/20=1/20.20=1
1/41<1/40, 1/42<1/40,...,1/60<1/40
=>1/41+1/42+...+1/60<1/40+1/40+...+1/40=1/40.20=1/2
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/60<1+1/2=3/2
=>A<3/2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
=>11/15<A<3/2
=>11/15<1/21+1/22+...+1/60<3/2 (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(C=5+5^2+5^3+...+5^8\)
\(C=\left(5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4\right)+\left(5^5+5^6\right)+\left(5^7+5^8\right)\)
\(C=\left(5+25\right)+5^2\cdot\left(5+25\right)+5^4\cdot\left(5+25\right)+5^6\cdot\left(5+25\right)\)
\(C=30+5^2\cdot30+5^4\cdot30+5^6\cdot30\)
\(C=30\cdot\left(1+5^2+5^4+5^6\right)\)
Vậy C chia hết cho 30
b) \(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(D=2\left(1+2\right)+2^2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{59}\cdot\left(1+2\right)\)
\(D=2\cdot3+2^2\cdot3+...+2^{59}\cdot3\)
\(D=3\cdot\left(2+2^2+...+2^{59}\right)\)
Vậy D chia hết cho 3
\(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(D=2\cdot\left(1+2+4\right)+2^4\cdot\left(1+2+4\right)+...+2^{58}\cdot\left(1+2+4\right)\)
\(D=2\cdot7+2^4\cdot7+...+2^{58}\cdot7\)
\(D=7\cdot\left(2+2^4+...+2^{58}\right)\)
Vậy D chia hết cho 7
\(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(D=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+....+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(D=2\cdot\left(1+2+4+8\right)+...+2^{57}\cdot\left(1+2+4+8\right)\)
\(D=2\cdot15+2^5\cdot15+...+2^{57}\cdot15\)
\(D=15\cdot\left(2+2^5+...+2^{57}\right)\)
Vậy D chia hết cho 15
a) C = 5 + 5² + 5³ + ... + 5⁸
= (5 + 5²) + 5².(5 + 5²) + 5⁴.(5 + 5²) + 5⁶.(5 + 5²)
= 30 + 5².30 + 5⁴.30 + 5⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 5² + 5⁴ + 5⁶) ⋮ 30
Vậy C ⋮ 30
b) *) Chứng minh D ⋮ 3
D = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2⁶⁰
= 2.(1 + 2) + 2³.(1 + 2) + ... + 2⁵⁹.(1 + 2)
= 2.3 + 2³.3 + ... + 2⁵⁹.3
= 3.(2 + 2³ + ... + 2⁵⁹) ⋮ 3
Vậy D ⋮ 3 (1)
*) Chứng minh D ⋮ 7
D = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2⁶⁰
= 2.(1 + 2 + 2²) + 2⁴.(1 + 2 + 2²) + ... 2⁵⁸.(1 + 2 + 2²)
= 2.7 + 2⁴.7 + ... + 2⁵⁸.7
= 7.(2 + 2⁴ + ... + 2⁵⁸) ⋮ 7
Vậy D ⋮ 7 (2)
*) Chứng minh D ⋮ 15
D = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2⁶⁰
= 2.(1 + 2 + 2² + 2³) + 2⁵.(1 + 2 + 2² + 2³) + 2⁵⁷.(1 + 2 + 2² + 2³)
= 2.15 + 2⁵.15 + ... + 2⁵⁷.15
= 15.(2 + 2⁵ + ... + 2⁵⁷) ⋮ 15
Vậy D ⋮ 15 (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3) suy ra D chia hết cho lần lượt 3; 7 và 15
Ta có
: \(C=\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+....+\frac{1}{60}=\left(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)\)(mỗi cặp có 20 số hạng)
\(>\left(\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{60}+\frac{1}{60}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)=20.\frac{1}{40}+20.\frac{1}{60}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{6}\)
=> \(C>\frac{5}{6}\)(1)
Lại có :
\(C=\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{60}=\left(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)\)(mỗi cặp có 20 số hạng)
\(< \left(\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)=20.\frac{1}{20}+20.\frac{1}{40}=1+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
=> \(C>\frac{3}{2}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{5}{6}< C< \frac{3}{2}\)(ĐPCM)