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Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2 (1)
nZn=0,1(mol)
nH2SO4=0,2(mol)
Sau PƯ 1 ta thấy còn 0,4 mol H2SO4 dư
Từ 1:
nH2=nZnSO4=nZn=0,1(mol)
C% dd ZnSO4=\(\dfrac{161.0,1}{6,5+196-0,1.2}.100\%=8\%\)
C% dd H2SO4=\(\dfrac{98.0,4}{196+6,5-0,2}.100\%=19,377\%\)
sao số mol H2SO4 lại = 0, 2 vậy ạ ? anh tính chi tiết hộ em với !
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,4
0,1 0,2
0 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{dd}=6,5+0,4.36,5+50-0,1.2=70,9\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{70,9}.100\%=19,18\%\)
Câu 1:
CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O
\(n_{CuO}=\frac{3,2}{80}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200\times9,8\%=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{H_2SO_4}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{CuO}=\frac{1}{5}n_{H_2SO_4}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{5}< 1\) ⇒ H2SO4 dư
Dung dịch sau pư gồm: H2SO4 dư và CuSO4
Ta có: \(m_{dd}saupư=3,2+200=203,2\left(g\right)\)
Theo Pt: \(n_{H_2SO_4}pư=n_{CuO}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,2-0,04=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,16\times98=15,68\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}dư=\frac{15,68}{203,2}\times100\%=7,72\%\)
Theo Pt: \(n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuSO_4}=0,04\times160=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CuSO_4}=\frac{6,4}{203,2}\times100\%=3,15\%\)
Câu 2:
ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O
\(n_{ZnO}=\frac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200\times24,5\%=49\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo Pt: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{H_2SO_4}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{ZnO}=\frac{1}{5}n_{H_2SO_4}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{5}< 1\) ⇒ H2SO4 dư
Dung dịch sau pư gồm: H2SO4 dư và ZnSO4
Ta có: \(m_{dd}saupư=8,1+200=208,1\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}pư=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}dư=0,5-0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\times98=39,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{39,2}{208,1}\times100\%=18,84\%\)
Theo pT: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,1\times161=16,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\frac{16,1}{208,1}\times100\%=7,74\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1-->0,2
=> \(C_{M\left(dd.HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
`n_(Zn) = (6,5)/65 = 0,1 (mol)`
`PTHH: ZN + 2HCl --> ZnCl_2 + H_2`
`0,1 --> 0,2`
`=> C_(M(dd.HCl) = (0,2)/(0,2) = 1M`
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.1.....0.2...........0.1..........0.1\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.2\cdot36.5=7.3\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=6.5+146-0.1\cdot2=152.3\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136\cdot0.1}{152.3}\cdot100\%=8.92\%\)
a, \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,12}{56}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.0,12=0,024\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,02}{1}< \dfrac{0,024}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,024-0,02=0,004\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,004}{0,2}=0,02\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{10.196}{100}=19,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:_______\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo PT:mol:___1..........1..................1.............1
Theo ĐB:mol:___0,1.......0,2...............................
\(\Rightarrow H_2SO_4\)dư,Zn pứ hết
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4pư}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4dư}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8;m_{ZnSO_4}=0,1.161=16,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{196+6,5}.100\%\approx4,84\%\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{16,1}{196+6,5}.100\%\approx7,95\%\)