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Với x là số dương, áp dụng bđt cauchy ta có:
\(\sqrt{x^3+1}=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\le\frac{x+1+x^2-x+1}{2}=\frac{x^2+2}{2}\)
=> \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^3+1}}\ge\frac{2}{x^2+2}\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt (1) ta được:
\(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{a^3+\left(b+c\right)^3}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^3}}\ge\frac{2}{\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^2+2}=\frac{2a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2+2a^2}\)
Suy ra \(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{a^3+\left(b+c\right)^3}}\ge\frac{2a^2}{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2a^2}=\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\left(2\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{b^3+\left(c+a\right)^3}}\ge\frac{b^3}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\left(3\right);\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{c^3+\left(a+b\right)^3}}\ge\frac{c^3}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\left(4\right)\)
Cộng (2),(3),(4) vế theo vế:
\(VT\ge\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
Lời giải:
Vi $a,b,c>0\Rightarrow a+b+c\neq 0$
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{c+a}=\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+c+a+a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{2(a+b+c)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow \left(\frac{a+b}{c}\right)^3+\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^3+\left(\frac{c+a}{b}\right)^3=2^3+2^3+2^3=24\) (đpcm)
Bài này có trong đề thi HSG 9 của huyện hay tỉnh nào đấy :)) được cái thầy t bắt cày đi cày lại cả chục cái đề thi nên bài này t nhớ lắm :))
Với x là số dương, áp dụng bđt Cô-si
\(\sqrt{x^3+1}=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\le\frac{x+1+x^2-x+1}{2}=\frac{x^2+2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^3}}\ge\frac{2}{x^2+2}\) (*)
Dấu (=) xảy ra khi x = 2
Áp dụng bđt (*)
\(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{a^3+\left(b+c\right)^3}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^3}}\ge\frac{2}{\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^2+2}=\frac{2a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2+2a^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{a^3+\left(b+c\right)^3}}\ge\frac{2a^2}{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2a^2}=\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\left(1\right)\)
CMTT :
\(\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{b^3+\left(a+c\right)^3}}\ge\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\) (2)
\(\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{c^3+\left(a+b\right)^3}}\ge\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\) (3)
Cộng vế với vế của (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; ta được ĐPCM
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^3}}\ge\frac{2}{x^2+2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^3}}\ge\frac{2}{\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^2+2}\)
Có nhầm chỗ nào ko vậy bạn chứ ở dưới mẫu có cộng 1 nữa mà
giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\ge0\)
Ta có: \(a+\frac{b}{2}-\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{a+b}=\frac{1}{2}\left(ab-b^2\right)\ge0\Rightarrow a+\frac{b}{2}\ge\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{a+b}\)
\(b+\frac{a}{2}-\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{a+b}=\frac{1}{2}\left(ab-a^2\right)\le0\Rightarrow b+\frac{a}{2}\le\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{a+b}\)
Tương tự: \(b+\frac{c}{2}\ge\frac{b^2+bc+c^2}{b+c}\ge c+\frac{b}{2};a+\frac{c}{2}\ge\frac{a^2+ac+c^2}{a+c}\ge c+\frac{a}{2}\)
Lại có:+) \(\frac{a^3-b^3}{a+b}+\frac{b^3-c^3}{b+c}+\frac{c^3-a^3}{c+a}\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{a+b}+\left(b-c\right)\frac{b^2+bc+c^2}{b+c}-\left(a-c\right)\frac{a^2+ac+c^2}{a+c}\)
\(\ge\left(a-b\right)\left(b+\frac{a}{2}\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(c+\frac{a}{2}\right)-\left(a-c\right)\left(a+\frac{c}{2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{-1}{4}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\left(1\right)\)
+) \(\frac{a^3-b^3}{a+b}+\frac{b^3-c^3}{b+c}+\frac{c^3-a^3}{c+a}\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{a+b}+\left(b-c\right)\frac{b^2+bc+c^2}{b+c}-\left(a-c\right)\frac{a^2+ac+c^2}{a+c}\)
\(\le\left(a-b\right)\left(a+\frac{b}{2}\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(b+\frac{c}{2}\right)-\left(a-c\right)\left(c+\frac{a}{2}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\left(2\right)\)
Từ 1,2 => đpcm
BĐT đã cho tuong duong voi:
\(\left|\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\right|\le\frac{1}{4}\left[\Sigma\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)
Theo AM-GM ta có: \(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\frac{9}{8}\cdot\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{a+b+c}\)
Có: \(VT\le\frac{9}{8}\left|\frac{\sqrt{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}}{\left(a+b+c\right)}\right|=\frac{9\sqrt{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}}{8\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Cần chứng minh: \(4\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left[\Sigma\left(a-b\right)^2\right]^2\ge9\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2\)
Rõ ràng \(\Sigma\left(a-b\right)^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
Cần cm: \(36\left(a+b+c\right)^2\sqrt[3]{\left(a-b\right)^4\left(b-c\right)^4\left(c-a\right)^4}\ge9\sqrt[3]{\left(a-b\right)^6\left(b-c\right)^6\left(c-a\right)^6}\)
Hay \(4\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge\sqrt[3]{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
Tiếp tục là điều hiển nhiên do \(VT\ge4\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]\)
\(=2\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\)
\(\ge6\sqrt[3]{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}\ge VP\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)=0\\a-b=b-c=c-a\\a=b=c\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c.\)
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 số không âm
\(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{b^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{b^3}}+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\frac{a^6}{b^6}}}=\frac{3a}{b}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{c^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{c^3}}+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\frac{b^6}{c^6}}}=\frac{3b}{c}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{a^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{a^3}}+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\frac{c^6}{a^6}}}=\frac{3c}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế , ta được :
\(2\left(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{b^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{c^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{a^3}}\right)+3\ge2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\)
\(\ge2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+3\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{b^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{c^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{a^3}}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{b^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{c^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{a^3}}\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Vậy \(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{b^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{c^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{a^3}}\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
a + b + c = 3
a/( 1 + b^2 ) + b/( 1 + c^2 ) + c/( 1 + a^2 ) ≥ 3/2
Ta có
a/( 1 + b^2 ) = a - ab^2/( 1 + b^2 ) ≥ a - ab^2/2b = a - ab/2
Tương tự ta có
b/( 1 + c^2 ) ≥ b - bc/2
c/( 1 + a^2 ) ≥ c - ac/2
Cộng vào ta có
a/( 1 + b^2 ) + b/( 1 + c^2 ) + c/( 1 + a^2 ) ≥ a + b + c - ( ab + bc + ac )/2 = 3 - ( ab + bc + ac )/2
Xét ab + bc + ac
Ta có
a^2 + b^2 ≥ 2ab
b^2 + c^2 ≥ 2bc
c^2 + a^2 ≥ 2ac
=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 ≥ ab + bc + ac
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ac + 2bc + 2ab ≥ 3( ab + ac + bc )
<=> ( a + b + c )^2 ≥ 3( ab + ac + bc )
<=> ab + ac + bc ≤ 9:3 = 3
=> 3 - ( ab + bc + ac )/2 ≥ 3 - 3/2 = 3/2
=> a/( 1 + b^2 ) + b/( 1 + c^2 ) + c/( 1 + a^2 ) ≥
Theo dãy tỉ số bằng nhau , có :
\(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{c+a}=\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+c+a+a+b}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{a+b}{c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{b+c}{a}\right)^3=\left(\frac{c+a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{a+b}{c}\right)^3=8\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(b+c\right)^3}{a^3}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^3}{b^3}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{c^3}=8.3=24\)