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\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
tl1..........1................1.............1(mol)
br x.......x................x.............x(mol)
\(Cu+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2\)
tl1............1...............1...........1(mol)
Br y...........y...............y...........y(mol)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Taco hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,05\\24x+64y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,045\\y=0,095\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=0,045.24:5.100\%=21,6\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-21,6\%=78,4\%\)
\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0.,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15.65=9,75(g)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{10}.100\%=97,5\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-97,5\%=2,5\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14\%}=78,21(g)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ a,C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\\ b,n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=20-5,6=14,4(g)\\ c,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{20}.100\%=28\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100\%-28\%=72\%\)
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
x x
2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2
y 3/2 y
mMg+mAl=23.4
->24x+27y=23.4
nH2=1.2(mol)
x+3/2 y=1.2
x=0.3(mol)->mMg=7.2(g)
y=0.6(mol)_>mAl=16.2(g)
Bạn tự tính % nhé ^^
\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 24b = 16,8 - 6,4 = 10,4(1)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{16,8}.100\% = 33,33\%\\ \%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,2.24}{16,8}.100\% = 28,57\%\\ \%m_{Cu} = 100\% - 33,33\% - 28,57\% = 38,1\%\)
\(\text{Đặt }\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\text{Theo đề ta có HPT: }\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=8,3\\\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot27}{8,3}\approx32,53\%\\\%_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1\cdot133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,1\cdot127=12,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{muối}=13,35+12,7=26,05\left(g\right)\)
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
0.221 0.221
Cu + HCl -> (không phản ứng)
\(nH2=\dfrac{4.958}{22.4}=0.221mol\)
\(\%mFe=\dfrac{0.221\times56\times100}{17.6}=70.3\%\)
%mCu = 100 - 70.3 = 29.7%
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