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So sánh : 
và \(72^{44}-72^{43}\)
Ta có :
\(72^{45}-72^{44}=72^{44}\left(72-1\right)\)
\(72^{44}-72^{43}=72^{43}\left(72-1\right)\)
Vì 7244 > 7243 => 7244 (72-1) > 7243 (72-1)
hay 7245 -7244 > 7244 - 7243
Bài 1:
a,\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2010}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+....+\left(3^{2007}+3^{2008}+3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+....+3^{2007}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(=3.40+...+3^{2007}.40\)
\(=40\left(3+3^5+...+3^{2007}\right)⋮40\)
Vì A chia hết cho 40 nên chữ số tận cùng của A là 0
b,\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2010}\)
\(3A=3^2+3^3+...+3^{2011}\)
\(3A-A=\left(3^2+3^3+...+3^{2011}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2010}\right)\)
\(2A=3^{2011}-3\)
\(2A+3=3^{2011}\)
Vậy 2A+3 là 1 lũy thừa của 3
a) \(A=2+2^2+...+2^{2024}\)
\(2A=2^2+2^3+...+2^{2025}\)
\(2A-A=2^2+2^3+...+2^{2025}-2-2^2-...-2^{2024}\)
\(A=2^{2025}-2\)
b) \(2A+4=2n\)
\(\Rightarrow2\cdot\left(2^{2025}-2\right)+4=2n\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{2026}-4+4=2n\)
\(\Rightarrow2n=2^{2026}\)
\(\Rightarrow n=2^{2026}:2\)
\(\Rightarrow n=2^{2025}\)
c) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2024}\)
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{2023}+2^{2024}\right)\)
\(A=2\cdot3+2^3\cdot3+...+2^{2023}\cdot3\)
\(A=3\cdot\left(2+2^3+...+2^{2023}\right)\)
d) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2024}\)
\(A=2+\left(2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7\right)+...+\left(2^{2022}+2^{2023}+2^{2024}\right)\)
\(A=2+2^2\cdot7+2^5\cdot7+...+2^{2022}\cdot7\)
\(A=2+7\cdot\left(2^2+2^5+...+2^{2022}\right)\)
Mà: \(7\cdot\left(2^2+2^5+...+2^{2022}\right)\) ⋮ 7
⇒ A : 7 dư 2
Bài 1 :
\(M=\dfrac{30-2^{20}}{2^{18}}=\dfrac{2.15-2^{20}}{2^{18}}=\dfrac{15}{2^{17}}-2^2=\dfrac{15}{2^{17}}-4< 0\left(\dfrac{15}{2^{17}}< 1\right)\)
\(N=\dfrac{3^5}{1^{2021}+2^3}=\dfrac{3^5}{9}=\dfrac{3^5}{3^2}=3^3=27\)
\(\Rightarrow M< N\)
Bài 3 :
a) \(t^2+5t-8\) khi \(t=2\)
\(=5^2+2.5-8\)
\(=25+10-8\)
\(=27\)
b) \(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(b-a\right)^3+2021\left(1\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\b=a+1=6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=11\\b-a=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)=11^2-1^3+2021=121-1+2021=2141\)
c) \(x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3=\left(x-y\right)^3\left(1\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x-y=1\)
\(\left(1\right)=1^3=1\)
B1
a)
\(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{4\cdot7}+\dfrac{1}{7\cdot10}+...+\dfrac{1}{28\cdot31}\\
=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{1\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4\cdot7}+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{7\cdot10}+...+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{28\cdot31}\\
=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\dfrac{3}{1\cdot4}+\dfrac{3}{4\cdot7}+\dfrac{3}{7\cdot10}+...+\dfrac{3}{28\cdot31}\right)\\
=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{10}+...+\dfrac{1}{28}-\dfrac{1}{31}\right)\\
=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{31}\right)\\
=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{30}{31}\\
=\dfrac{10}{31}\)
b)
\(\dfrac{5}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{5}{3\cdot5}+\dfrac{5}{5\cdot7}+...+\dfrac{5}{99\cdot101}\\
=\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{3\cdot5}+\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{5\cdot7}+...+\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{99\cdot101}\\
=\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{2}{3\cdot5}+\dfrac{2}{5\cdot7}+...+\dfrac{2}{99\cdot101}\right)\\
=\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{101}\right)\\
=\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{101}\right)\\
=\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\dfrac{100}{101}\\
=\dfrac{250}{101}\)
B2
\(A=\dfrac{10^5+4}{10^5-1}=\dfrac{10^5-1+5}{10^5-1}=\dfrac{10^5-1}{10^5-1}+\dfrac{5}{10^5-1}=1+\dfrac{5}{10^5-1}\\
B=\dfrac{10^5+3}{10^5-2}=\dfrac{10^5-2+5}{10^5-2}=\dfrac{10^5-2}{10^5-2}+\dfrac{5}{10^5-2}=1+\dfrac{5}{10^5-2}
\)
Vì \(10^5-1>10^5-2\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{10^5-1}< \dfrac{5}{10^5-2}\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{5}{10^5-1}< 1+\dfrac{5}{10^5-2}\Leftrightarrow A< B\)
B3
\(A=\dfrac{n-2}{n+3}\)
Để \(A\) có giá trị nguyên thì \(n-2⋮n+3\)
\(n-2=n+3+\left(-5\right)⋮n+3\Rightarrow-5⋮n+3\Rightarrow n+3\inƯ\left(-5\right)\)
\(Ư\left(-5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)
| n+3 | -5 | -1 | 1 | 5 |
| n | -8 | -4 | -2 | 2 |
Vậy \(n\in\left\{-8;-4;-2;2\right\}\)
\(B=\dfrac{3n+1}{n-1}\)Để \(A\) có giá trị nguyên thì \(3n+1⋮n-1\)
\(3n+1=3n-3+4⋮n-1\Leftrightarrow3\cdot\left(n-1\right)+4⋮n-1\Rightarrow4⋮n-1\Rightarrow n-1\inƯ\left(4\right)\)
\(Ư\left(4\right)=\left\{-4;-2;-1;1;2;4\right\}\)
| n-1 | -4 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| n | -3 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
Vậy \(n\in\left\{-3;-1;0;2;3;5\right\}\)
BÀi 1
a ) a = 3
b ) a = 5
a) \(a^2=9\)
\(a^2=3^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a=3\)
vay \(a=3\)
b) \(\left(a-1\right)^2=16\)
\(\left(a-1\right)^2=4^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a-1=4\)
\(\Rightarrow a=5\)
vay \(a=5\)
c) \(40-5\left(a-3\right)^3=35\)
\(5\left(a-3\right)^3=40-35\)
\(5\left(a-3\right)^3=5\)
\(\left(a-3\right)^3=1\)
\(\left(a-3\right)^3=1^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a-3=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a=4\)
vay \(a=4\)