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b) \(Al\underrightarrow{1}Al_2O_3\underrightarrow{2}Al\underrightarrow{3}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\underrightarrow{4}Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{5}Al_2O_3\)
(1) \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
(2) \(2Al_2O_3\xrightarrow[điện.phân.nóng.chảy]{criolit}4Al+3O_2\)
(3) \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
(4) \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6KOH\rightarrow2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3K_2SO_4\)
(5) \(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
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Câu 3 :
200ml = 0,2l
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,95}{65}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,03 0,03
b) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,03.1}{1}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,03.24,79=0,7437\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{0,03.1}{1}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{ZnCl2}}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,2}=0,15\left(M\right)\)
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\(a,2Fe+3Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\\ FeCl_3+3NaOH\to Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ 2Fe(OH)_3+3H_2SO_4\to Fe_2(SO_4)_3+6H_2O\\ Fe_2(SO_4)_3+3Zn\to 3ZnSO_4+2Fe\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ Al_2O_3\xrightarrow[cryolit]{đpnc}4Al+3O_2\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Al_2(SO_4)_3+6NaOH\to 2Al(OH)_3\downarrow+3Na_2SO_4\\ 2Al(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Dãy 1:
\(\left(1\right)2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{to}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\\ \left(2\right)Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ \left(3\right)Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6KOH\rightarrow2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3K_2SO_4\\ \left(4\right)Al\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
Phương trình hàng 2:
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\)
Phương trình hàng 3:
\(Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
Phương trình hàng 4:
\(Al_2O_3+2KOH\rightarrow2KAlO_2+H_2O\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Al_2(SO_4)_3+3BaCl_2\to 2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\downarrow\\ AlCl_3+3NaOH\to Al(OH)_3\downarrow +3NaCl\\ 2Al(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\\ 2Al_2O_3\xrightarrow{đpnc}4Al+3O_2\)
\(NaCl+H_2O\xrightarrow[cmn]{đpdd}NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2+\dfrac{1}{2}Cl_2\) (1)
\(H_2+Cl_2\underrightarrow{as}2HCl\)
\(2FeS_2+\dfrac{11}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+4SO_2\)
\(SO_2+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\xrightarrow[V_2O_5]{450^oC}SO_3\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
\(4Al+3C\underrightarrow{1500-1700^oC}Al_4C_3\)
Điều chế \(FeCl_3\):
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
Điều chế \(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\):
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Điều chế \(Al\left(OH\right)_3\):
\(Al_4C_3+12H_2O\rightarrow4Al\left(OH\right)_3+3CH_4\)
\(\left(1\right)2Al_2O_3\xrightarrow[Na_3AlF_6]{đpnc}4Al+3O_2\uparrow\)
\(\left(2\right)2Al+3H_2SO_4--->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
\(\left(3\right)Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2--->3BaSO_4\downarrow+2AlCl_3\)
\(\left(4\right)AlCl_3+3NaOH--->Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\)
2Al+3H2SO4----->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
2Al(OH)3+3BaSO4----->Al2(SO4)3+3Ba(OH)2
Al2O3+3H2SO4---->Al2(SO4)3+3H2O