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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{6,2+193,8}\cdot100\%=4\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot16\%}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuSO4 còn dư, tính theo NaOH
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{CuO}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
c) PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)=100\left(ml\right)\)
Bảo toàn Cu: `n_{Cu}=n_{CuSO_4}={50.9,6\%}/{160}=0,03(mol)`
`->m_{Cu}=0,03.64=1,92<2,48`
`->Y` chứa `Fe` dư và `Cu.`
`->m_{Fe\ du}=2,48-1,92=0,56(g)`
`Mg+CuSO_4->MgSO_4+Cu`
`Fe+CuSO_4->FeSO_4+Cu`
Đặt `n_{Mg}=x(mol);n_{Fe\ pu}=y(mol)`
Theo PT: `n_{Cu}=x+y=0,03(1)`
`MgSO_4+2NaOH->Mg(OH)_2+Na_2SO_4`
`FeSO_4+2NaOH->Fe(OH)_2+Na_2SO_4`
`Mg(OH)_2` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `MgO+H_2O`
`4Fe(OH)_2+O_2` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O`
Theo PT: `n_{MgO}=x(mol);n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,5y(mol)`
`->40x+160.0,5y=2(2)`
`(1)(2)->x=0,01;y=0,02`
`->m=0,01.24+0,02.56+0,56=1,92(g)`
`\%m_{Mg}={0,01.24}/{1,92}.100\%=12,5\%`
`\%m_{Fe}=100-12,5=87,5\%`
`m_{dd\ spu}=1,92+50-2,48=49,44(g)`
`Z` gồm `MgSO_4:0,01(mol);FeSO_4:0,02(mol)`
`->C\%_{MgSO_4}={0,01.120}/{49,44}.100\%\approx 2,43\%`
`C\%_{FeSO_4}={0,02.152}/{49,44}.100\%\approx 6,15\%`
\(C\%_X=\frac{40}{240}.100\%=16,7\left(\%\right)\)
\(PTHH:2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(n_X=\frac{200.16,7}{100.40}=0,835\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(m_{CuO}=0,835.80=66,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_Y=\frac{0,835.142}{200+100-0,835.98}.100\%=42,17\left(\%\right)\)
( k chắc :>>)