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Change clauses of reas on to phrases: 1. Mary didn't go to school yesterday because she was sick. ..Because of Mary's sickness , she didn't go to school yesterday ...
2. She went to bed early because she felt tired. ..She went to bed early because of feeling tired ...
3.Ann didn't go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold ...Ann didn't go to the circus with Betty because of having a bad cold ..
4. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard and methodically. ..John succeeded in his exam because of his hard and methodically work..
5. Margaret stayed home because her mother was sick. ..Margaret stayed home because of her mother 's sickness....
6. I like him because his father is kind to me. .... I like him because of his father 's kindness.
7. I can't eat these fruits because they are green. ...I can't eat these fruits because of being green..
8. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult. .I couldn’t do the test because of its dificulty...
9. I couldn’t read the letter because it was dark. .. I couldn’t read the letter because of the darkness.
10. He came late because it rained heavily .... He came late because of the heavy rain...
Change clauses of reas on to phrases:
1. Mary didn't go to school yesterday because she was sick.
=> Mary didn't go to school yesterday because of her sickness
2. She went to bed early because she felt tired.
=> She went to bed early because of her tiredness
3.Ann didn't go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold
=> Ann didn't go to the circus with Betty because of her bad cold
4. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard and methodically.
=> John succeeded in his exam because of working hard and methodically.
5. Margaret stayed home because her mother was sick.
=> Margaret stayed home because of her mother’s sickness
6. I like him because his father is kind to me.
=> Because of the kind of his father, I like him.
7. I can't eat these fruits because they are green.
=> Because of green fruits, I can't eat them.
8. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.
=> Because of its difficulty, I couldn't do the test .
9. I couldn’t read the letter because it was dark.
=> Because of the darkness , I couldn’t read the letter .
10. He came late because it rained heavily
=> Because of the heavy rain, He came late .
ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF REASON
I/ Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence.
1. he is tired, he can’t work longer.
A. Because B. Even though C. Although D. Besides
2. it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
A. If B. Since C. Although D. Because
3. it was late, we decided to take a taxi home.
A. Because B. Since C. Because of D. Although
4. you subtract 7 from 12, you will have 5.
A. Because B. If C. Though D. As
5. We couldn’t reach the house the road was flooded.
A. because B. because of C. if D. though
6. he has a headache, he has to take an aspirin.
A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
7. The flight had to be delayed the bad weather.
A. because B. Because of C. despite D. when
8. he comes to the theater with me, I shall go alone.
A. Because of B. Because C. Unless D. When
9. Take a map with you you lose your way.
A. so B. because C. although D. in case
10. rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football games.
A. Even though B. Because C. Despite D. Because of
11. his illness, he had to cancel the appointment.
A. However B. Despite C. If D. Because of
12. Minh had a terrible headache. , he went to school.
A. However B. But C. Although D. Because
13. Tom has a bike, he always walks to school.
A. but B. because of C. because D. despite
14. My sister will take the plane she dislikes flying.
A. because B. so that C. although D. before
15. We decided to leave the party early it was boring.
A. due to B. because C. but D. and
16. The students arrived late the traffic jam.
A. because B. owing to C. despite D. so
17. he missed the first bus, he came ten minutes late.
A. Since B. Although C. However D. Therefore
18. his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A. In spite of B. Because of C. If D. Although
19. It was difficult to deliver the letter the sender had written the wrong address on the envelope.
A. though B. but C. so D. because
20. it rained heavily, I went to school on time.
A. However B. But C. Although D. Because
21. He didn’t answer the questions correctly _______.
A. although he isn’t intelligent B. because he is intelligent
C. in spite of his intelligence D. despite his intelligent
22. ______, I can’t hear what he is saying.
A. Because of the noise B. Because of the soft music
C. Though the music is noise D. In spite of the noise music
23. _____, I feel very refresh.
A. Because I work very hard B. Although I get up early
C. Because of getting up early D. Despite getting up late
24. They live happily ______.
A. because they have no money B. though they are rich
C. in spite of their poverty D. because of their poor
25. He can’t join in the volunteer campaign _______.
A. although he is busy B. because he hurts his legs
C. in spite of working very hard D. because of registering for it
26. Though he drove carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
A. Despite his carelessness, he had an accident yesterday.
B. Despite he drove carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
C. In spite of driving carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
D. In spite of a careful drive, he had an accident yesterday.
27. He was very tired but he kept on working.
A. Despite very tired, he kept on working.
B. Though his tiredness, he kept on working.
C. Although he was very tired, but he kept on working.
D. He kept on working although he was very tired.
28. Although it rained heavily, they went on working.
A. In spite of the rain heavily, they went on working.
B. In spite of the raining heavily, they went on working.
C. Despite the heavy rain, they went on working.
D. Though the fact that it rained heavily, they went on working.
29. Cars cause pollution but people still want them.
A. Because cars cause pollution, people want them.
B. Despite the fact that cars cause pollution, people want them.
C. Cars cause pollution although people want them.
D. Cars cause pollution because people still want them.
30. She was seriously ill but she enjoyed life very much.
A. In spite of her serious illness, she enjoyed life very much.
B. Although she enjoyed life very much, she was seriously ill.
C. She was seriously ill because she enjoyed life very much.
D. Despite seriously ill, she enjoyed life very much.
II/ Choose the underlined part among A, B, C, or D that needs correcting:
31. My friends advised her to stop doing the housework because=> because of her old age.
A B C D
32. Because=> Because of the invention of machines such as vacuum cleaners, washing machines,
A B
women spend less time doing the housework.
C D
33. John didn’t go to work because of=> because he was seriously ill.
A B C D
34. In spite of=> Though my father is old, he still goes to work.
A B C D
35. Peter succeeded in his exam because of=> because he worked hard and methodically.
A B C D
36. Rice plants grow well because the climate is warmly=> warm and damp.
A B C D
37. The plane couldn’t take off because=> because of the bad weather.
A B C D
38. He couldn’t drive fast owing to=> because the street was crowded and narrow.
A B C D
39. The train was late because the fog is=> was thick.
A B C D
40. Since=> Because of the difficult test, I couldn’t finish it on time.
A B C D
III/ Rewrite these sentences
1. He was late for school because his bike was broken.
à ……He was late for school….because of ……his broken bike…
2. Although he runs very fast, he isn’t tired.
à Despite ……he runs very fast , he isn’t tired..
3. Most people think jogging is a good exercise, so they begin to jog.
à Because ...most people think jogging is a good exercise,they begin to jog..
4. The air in the country is polluted, but people like to live there.
à ....People like to live in the country... though .....the air there is polluted....
5. Computers can be used for various purposes, so they become very popular today.
à Because of .......being used for various purposes, computers become very popular today......
6. If you passed the exam, your parents would be very happy.
à …Your parents would be very happy.. because …you passed the exam……
7. Because of the hot weather, we go to the beach.
à If …the weather is hot, we will go to the beach…
8. Tom understands the lesson. However, he couldn’t apply in the exercises.
à …Tom couldn’t apply in the exercises... although …he understands the lesson...
9. They played very well. Therefore, they won the game.
à Because …they played very well, they won the game…
10. The suitcase is too heavy for Tom to bring.
à …Tom can't bring the suitcase…. because it is too heavy…….
1. Although she was ill, she went to school.
- In spite of her illness, she went to school.
2. He didn’t come because he was sick.
- He didn’t come because of his sickness
3. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.
- Despite her hunger, She didn’t eat muc
4. The train was late because the fog was thick.
- Because of the thick fog, The train was late
5. I accepted the job although the salary was low.
- In spite of low salary, I accepted the job
6. The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad.
- Because of the bad weather, The plane couldn’t take off b
7. She stayed at home because her mother was sick.
- Because of her mother's sickness, She stayed at home
8. He didn’t leave school even though his family was poor.
- Despite his family's poverty, He didn’t leave school
9. All the teachers love him because his conduct is good.
- Because of his good conduct, All the teachers love him
10. The flight was not delayed though it was foggy.
- Despite the fog, The flight was not delayed
11. We couldn’t study because it was noisy.
- Because of the noise, We couldn’t study
12. Even though it was cold, I went swimming.
- In spite of the cold, I went swimming.
13. These students didn’t arrive late although there was the traffic jam.
- Despite the traffic jam., These students didn’t arrive late
14. Mary can’t sleep because there was the noise.
- Because of the noise, Mary can’t sleep
15. She didn’t get ill though she worked very hard.
- In spite of working very hard, She didn’t get ill
16. His wife usually gives him a list because he often forgets things.
- Because of forgetting things., His wife usually gives him a list
17. Though he had much experience, he didn’t succeed in repairing the machine.
- Despite having much experience, he didn’t succeed in repairing the machine.
18. Though Kid has failed so often, he has never been disappointed.
- Despite having failed so often, he has never been disappointed.
19. Though I hadn’t eaten anything for 24 hours, I didn’t feel hungry.
- In spite of not having eaten anything for 24 hours, I didn’t feel hungry.
20. He ate all the fruits though they were green.
- He ate all the fruits despite being green
21. He left school because his life was hard.
- Because of his hard life , He left school
22. Although he hadn’t finished the paper, he went to sleep.
- Despite not having finished the paper, he went to sleep.
23. He is dismissed because of being late for work often.
- Because he is late for work often., He is dismissed
24. Because of driving too fast, he caused a serious accident.
- Because he drove too fast, he caused a serious accident.
25. Although the streets are narrow, many people drive cars in this city.
- In spite of the narrow streets, many people drive cars in this city.
26. Because he got up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.
- Because of getting up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.
27. Although he is strong, I’m not afraid of him.
- In spite of his strength, I’m not afraid of him.
28. My neighbour couldn’t return home because of losing all of his money.
- Because My neighbour lost all of his money, he couldn’t return home
29. He carried the bed onto the roof of his house because of the hot weather.
- Because the weather was hot, He carried the bed onto the roof of his house
30. I can sleep although it is hot.
- In spite of heat. I can sleep
31. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.
- I couldn’t do the test because of its difficulty
32. He always studies hard though he encounters difficulties.
- Despite difficulties, He always studies hard
33. Because of not knowing Russian, I’ve had to have the document translated into French.
- Because i don't know Russian, I’ve had to have the document translated into French.
34. Although it got dark, they continued to work.
- In spite of the darkness, they continued to work.
35. Although he’s got an English name, he is in fact German.
-Despite his English name, he is in fact German.
36. Because of having an accident, these students arrived late.
- Because these students had an accident, they arrived late.
37. Nick is often punished because he is lazy.
- Because of his laziness,Nick is often punished
38. We bought the house though its rooms were small.
- We bought the house despite its small rooms
39. The accident happened because of his being negligent in his driving.
- Because he was negligent in his driving., The accident happened
40. Karen works on Sundays because she gets paid extra.
- Because of getting paid extra., Karen works on Sundays
41. Although he had planed everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.
- Despite having planed everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.
42. She ate much because of her hunger.
- Because she was hungry, She ate much
43. Although the prices are high, my daughters insist on going to the movie.
- Despite high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movie.
44. We didn’t go fishing because the water was rough.
- Because of the rough water, We didn’t go fishing
45. Although they study hard, they can’t get good marks.
- In spite of studying hard, they can’t get good marks.
46. In spite of her telling the truth, the policeman didn’t believe her.
- Even though she told the truth, the policeman didn’t believe her.
47. Because there were the obstacles, the building didn’t go along as planed.
- Because of the obstacles, the building didn’t go along as planed.
48. Because of not hearing the speaker, I moved to the front row.
- Because i didn't heard the speaker, I moved to the front row.
1. Although she was ill, she went to school.
- In spite of .......her illness, she went to school......................................................................................................................
2. He didn’t come because he was sick.
- He didn’t come because of.......................his sickness....................................................................................
3. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.
- Despite ..........her hunger, she didn't eat much .............................................................................................................
4. The train was late because the fog was thick.
- Because of .......the thick fog, the train was late................................................................................................................
5. I accepted the job although the salary was low.
- In spite of ......the slow salary, i accepted the job.................................................................................................................
6. The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad.
- Because of ........the bad weather, the plane couldn't take off...............................................................................................................
7. She stayed at home because her mother was sick.
- Because of ........her mother's sickness, she stayed at home...............................................................................................................
8. He didn’t leave school even though his family was poor.
- Despite .........his family's poverty, he didn't leave school..............................................................................................................
9. All the teachers love him because his conduct is good.
- Because of .......his good conduct, all the teachers love him................................................................................................................
10. The flight was not delayed though it was foggy.
- Despite ........the fog, the flight was not delayed...............................................................................................................
11. We couldn’t study because it was noisy.
- Because of .....the noise, we couldn't study.................................................................................................................
12. Even though it was cold, I went swimming.
- In spite of ......the cold, i went swimming.................................................................................................................
13. These students didn’t arrive late although there was the traffic jam.
- Despite .....the traffic jam, these students didn't arrive late..................................................................................................................
14. Mary can’t sleep because there was the noise.
- Because of ...the noise, mary can't sleep....................................................................................................................
15. She didn’t get ill though she worked very hard.
- In spite of .......working very hard, she didn't het ill................................................................................................................
16. His wife usually gives him a list because he often forgets things.
- Because of ...........forgetting things, his wife usually gives him a list............................................................................................................
17. Though he had much experience, he didn’t succeed in repairing the machine.
- Despite ........having much experience, he didn't succeed in repairing the machine...............................................................................................................
18. Though Kid has failed so often, he has never been disappointed.
- Despite .........having failed so often, he has never been disappointed..............................................................................................................
19. Though I hadn’t eaten anything for 24 hours, I didn’t feel hungry.
- In spite of .......not having eaten anything for 24 hours, i didn't feel hungry................................................................................................................
20. He ate all the fruits though they were green.
- He ate all the fruits despite.........being green..................................................................................................
21. He left school because his life was hard.
- Because of ........his hard life , he left school...............................................................................................................
22. Although he hadn’t finished the paper, he went to sleep.
- Despite ....not having finished the paper, he went to sleep...................................................................................................................
23. He is dismissed because of being late for work often.
- Because ..........he is late for work often, he is dismissed.............................................................................................................
24. Because of driving too fast, he caused a serious accident.
- Because ......he drove too fast, he caused a serious accident.................................................................................................................
25. Although the streets are narrow, many people drive cars in this city.
- In spite of ..........the narrow streets, many people drive cars in this city.............................................................................................................
26. Because he got up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.
- Because of .........getting up early, he wasn't late for the first train..............................................................................................................
27. Although he is strong, I’m not afraid of him.
- In spite of ..........his strength, i'm not afraid of him.............................................................................................................
28. My neighbour couldn’t return home because of losing all of his money.
- Because .........my neighbour lost all of his money, he couldn't return home..............................................................................................................
29. He carried the bed onto the roof of his house because of the hot weather.
- Because .........the weather was hot, he carried the bed onto the roof of his house..............................................................................................................
30. I can sleep although it is hot.
- In spite of ...........being hot, i can sleep............................................................................................................
31. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.
- I couldn’t do the test because of....being difficult...............................................................................................
32. He always studies hard though he encounters difficulties.
- Despite ........encountering difficulties, he always studies hard...............................................................................................................
33. Because of not knowing Russian, I’ve had to have the document translated into French.
- Because ....i don't know Russian, i've had to have the document translated into French...................................................................................................................................
34. Although it got dark, they continued to work.
- In spite of ......getting dark, they continued to work.................................................................................................................
35. Although he’s got an English name, he is in fact German.
-Despite. .....his English name, he is in fact German..................................................................................................................
36. Because of having an accident, these students arrived late.
- Because .....these students had an accident, they arrived late..................................................................................................................
37. Nick is often punished because he is lazy.
- Because of ......Nick's laziness, he is often punished.................................................................................................................
38. We bought the house though its rooms were small.
- We bought the house despite....its small rooms...................................................................................................
39. The accident happened because of his being negligent in his driving.
- Because ....he was negligent in his driving, the accident happened ...................................................................................................................
40. Karen works on Sundays because she gets paid extra.
- Because of .....getting paid extra, Karen works on Sundays..................................................................................................................
41. Although he had planed everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.
- Despite .......planning everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong................................................................................................................
42. She ate much because of her hunger.
- Because ....she was hungry, she ate much...................................................................................................................
43. Although the prices are high, my daughters insist on going to the movie.
- Despite .........the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movie..............................................................................................................
44. We didn’t go fishing because the water was rough.
- Because of .......the rough water, we didn't go fishing................................................................................................................
45. Although they study hard, they can’t get good marks.
- In spite of .......studying hard, they can't get good marks................................................................................................................
46. In spite of her telling the truth, the policeman didn’t believe her.
- Even though ........she told the truth, the policeman didn't believe her...............................................................................................................
47. Because there were the obstacles, the building didn’t go along as planed.
- Because of ......the obstacles, the building didn't go along as planed.................................................................................................................
48. Because of not hearing the speaker, I moved to the front row.
- Because .......i didn't hear the speaker, i moved to the front now................................................................................................................
A. Choose the best answer:
1. ________ having the best qualifications among all the applicants, Justin was not offered the job
A. Although B. While C. In spite of D. Despite of
2. ________ the internet is very popular, many older people do not know how to use it
A. However B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. Despite
3. _________ he wasn’t feeling very well, David was determined to take part in the inter-university athletics meet.
A. Although B. While C. Where as D. yet
4. __________ what Megan prepared for the job interview, she didn’t pass it.
A. Despite of B. In spite of C. Though D. However
5. Bruce was not praised_________ he was a hard worker.
A. despite B. in spite of C. although D. no matter how
6. It looks like they are going to succeed_________ their present difficulties.
A. despite B. although C. in spite D. even though
7. Mary usually goes to parties. She likes meeting people and crowded places ________she is rather shy.
A. In spite of B. Even though C. On the contrary D. In other words
8. Ann: Have you decided to get the job? Terry: Yes, I’ve just decided. I’ll accept that job_________ it is not suitable with my major. It is not an interesting job, ________ the salary is very good.
A. although / but B. despite / and C. but / though D. yet / however
9. ________, he has continued to work on his thesis.
A. Although all these problems B. Even though there are problems
C. Despite of all these problems D. In spite of there are problems
10. In spite of ____________, he was determined to finish his work.
A. was seriously ill. B. be seriously ill
C. his serious illness D. he was seriously ill
11. _______ some German and British management styles are similar, there are many differences betweenthem.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. although D. Despite
12. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
A. even though B. in spite C. despite D. despite of
13. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain B. of the rain C. it was raining D. there was a rain
14. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
15. _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired C. In spite being tired D. Despite tired
16. The children slept well despite _______.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
17. She left him _______ she still loved him.
A. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
18. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
A. In spite B. Even though C. In spite of D. Despite of
19. _______ they are brothers, they do not look alike.
A. Although B. Even C. Despite D. In spite of
20. Our new neighbors are quite nice _______ they are sometimes talkative
A. despite B. in spite of C. though D. as though
A. Choose the best answer:
1. ________ having the best qualifications among all the applicants, Justin was not offered the job
.A. Although B. While C. In spite of D. Despite of
2. ________ the internet is very popular, many older people do not know how to use it
.A. However B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. Despite
3. _________ he wasn’t feeling very well, David was determined to take part in the inter-university athletics meet.
A. Although B. While C. Where as D. yet
4. __________ what Megan prepared for the job interview, she didn’t pass it.
A. Despite of B. In spite of C. Though D. However
5. Bruce was not praised_________ he was a hard worker
.A. despite B. in spite of C. although D. no matter how
6. It looks like they are going to succeed_________ their present difficulties.
A. despite B. although C. in spite D. even though
7. Mary usually goes to parties. She likes meeting people and crowded places ________she is rather shy.
A. In spite of B. Even though C. On the contrary D. In other words
8. Ann: Have you decided to get the job? Terry: Yes, I’ve just decided. I’ll accept that job_________ it is not suitable with my major. It is not an interesting job, ________ the salary is very good.
A. although / but B. despite / and C. but / though D. yet / however
9. ________, he has continued to work on his thesis.
A. Although all these problems B. Even though there are problems
C. Despite of all these problems D. In spite of there are problems
10. In spite of ____________, he was determined to finish his work.
A. was seriously ill. B. be seriously ill C. his serious illness D. he was seriously ill
11. _______ some German and British management styles are similar, there are many differences betweenthem.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. although D. Despite
12. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
A. even though B. in spite C. despite D. despite of
13. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain B. of the rain B. it was raining D. there was a rain
14. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
15. _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired C. In spite being tired D. Despite tired
16. The children slept well despite _______.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
17. She left him _______ she still loved him.
A. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
18. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
A. In spite B. Even though C. In spite of D. Despite of
19. _______ they are brothers, they do not look alike.
A. Although B. Even C. Despite D. In spite of
20. Our new neighbors are quite nice _______ they are sometimes talkative
A. despite B. in spite of C. though D. as though
Read the story. Fill in the blank with one suitable word.
John's parents gave him a red drum for his eight birthday. When John (0)...opened....his present early that morning, he was very (1).........surprised.........to see a drum inside! He started to play it very loudly. He played it all morning and then after lunch he wanted to play it again. But his mum felt ill. She had a bad (2)....headache..... because John and his drum were so noisy. His dad said, "John, if you want to play your drum, go outside please." John went into the garden and played his drum there. After fives minutes, he (3)........heard........some lovely music. He went out into the street and saw a lot of people there. It was the circus! They drove into town in their lories and trucks. The (4)......driver..........of the first truck stopped when he saw John. John jumped on the back of the truck and (5)........went ........ into town with them. He played his drum all the way there!
John's parents gave him a red drum for his eight birthday. When John (0)...opened....his present early that morning, he was very (1).......surprised...........to see a drum inside! He started to play it very loudly. He played it all morning and then after lunch he wanted to play it again. But his mum felt ill. She had a bad (2)...earache...... because John and his drum were so noisy. His dad said, "John, if you want to play your drum, go outside please." John went into the garden and played his drum there. After fives minutes, he (3)........had played........some lovely music. He went out into the street and saw a lot of people there. It was the circus! They drove into town in their lories and trucks. The (4).......driver.........of the first truck stopped when he saw John. John jumped on the back of the truck and (5).......went......... into town with them. He played his drum all the way there!
1. Your house is bigger than mine.
My house .is smaller than yours.
2. He did his homework , then he went to bed.
After doing his homework, he went to bed.
3. Jane doesn’t speak English as well as Peter.
Peter speaks English better than Jane.
4. DaLat is one of a famous landscapes in Vietnam.I spent my holiday there.
I spent my holiday in Da Lat, one of a famous landscapes in Vietnam.
5. The manager asked me to come to his office
The manager said "Come to my office, please"
6. He asked me where he could find her in that town.
He said "Where can I find her in that town?"
7. She asked me not to be late.
She said to me "Don't be late"
8. The train couldn’t run because of the snow.
The snow prevented the train from running.
9. Nam laughed a lot when I told him the joke.
The joke I told made Nam laugh a lot.
10. The police continued to watch the house.
The police carried on watching the house.
11. Mr. John gave an interesting speech.
Mr. John spoke interestingly.
12. The sight was right in front of him but he didn’t notice it.
Although the sight was right in front of him, he didn’t notice it.
13. The woman was terribly upset. Her dog was run over.
The woman whose dog was run over was terribly upset.
14. Let’s go abroad for our holiday this year.
Why don't we go abroad for our holiday this year?
15. I fall asleep as the film was so boring.
I fall asleep because of the boring film.
16. My students are very good at Mathematics.
My students study Mathematics very well.
17. This is the most modern building in this area.
No building in this area is as modern as this one.
18. I asked the students to complete these tasks yesterday.
I had these tasks completed by the students yesterday.
19. John drives more carefully than his brother.
John’s brother doesn’t drive as carefully as he.
20. They were such difficult questions that we couldn’t answer them.
The questions were so difficult that we couldn’t answer them.
21. Lan didn’t go to the school last Monday because she was sick.
Because of her sickness, Lan didn’t go to the school last Monday.
22. Why don’t you bring your brother to the party?
I suggest that he should bring his brother to the party.
1. Less than half of the cans of paint (use) have been used up to now
2. He (eat) was eating sandwiches while you (talk) were talking to him
3. Jeans (make) were made about two hundred years ago, and now they (sell) are sold in every corner of the world
4. I regret (tell) to tell you that your application doesn’t satisfy our demands
5. My father advised me (not stay) not to stay up too late because of my poor health
6. He will always remember (award) being awarded the gold medal for his victory in the Competition of Mathematical Talent Search
7. She does not want to go with us to the theater because she (see) has seen that film twice
8. I’m very bored because my mother always (complain) complains about her housework
9. Please turn ___on___ the gas, I want to cook my lunch. (over / back / on / in)
10. I like bananas, ___but___ my brother doesn’t. (because / but / and / even though)
11. I shall go __because____ you stay here. (and / because / however / although)
12. Jane will be admitted to the university __even though____ she has bad grades. (because / even though / because of / but)
13. _Despite_____ his physica l handicap, he has become a successful businessman. (Although / Despite / Because of / Because)
14. She was absent _because_____ her cold was worse. (because / or / because of / so)
15. The examination was long _and_____ difficult. (or / and / but / however)
16. Joh n was ill, __so____ he went to bed early. (but / so / because of / however)
17. I’d love to play the table tennis ___but___ I have to complete an assignment. (and / so / but / or)
1 Because of => In spite of
2 Though => Because
3 Before => when
4 although => in case
5 Because of => until