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16 tháng 2 2022

Bài 1:

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{26,82}.100\approx20,134\%\\\Rightarrow \%m_{Al_2O_3}\approx79,866\%\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{26,82-5,4}{102}=0,21\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=6.0,21+2.0,3=1,86\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,86}{2}=0,93\left(l\right)=930\left(ml\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=930.1,12=1041,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=2.0,21+0,2=0,62\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,62.133,5}{1041,6-0,3.2}.100\approx7,951\%\)

 

16 tháng 2 2022

2)

a) Gọi KL và oxit của nó là M và MO

nHCl = 4.0,25 = 1 (mol)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: M + 2HCl --> MCl2 + H2

          0,3<-0,6<--------------0,3

            MO + 2HCl --> MCl2 + H2O

          0,2<---0,4

=> 0,3.MM + 0,2.(MM + 16) = 31,2

=> MM = 56 (g/mol)

=> Kim loại là Sắt (Fe)

b) 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3.56}{31,2}.100\%=53,85\%\\\%m_{FeO}=\dfrac{0,2.72}{31,2}.100\%=46,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

22 tháng 12 2023

Sửa đề: 3,785 (l) → 3,7185 (l)

a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{40}.100\%=6,75\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=93,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{40.93,25\%}{102}=\dfrac{373}{1020}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{212}{85}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{212}{85}}{2}=\dfrac{106}{85}\left(l\right)\approx1247,06\left(ml\right)\)

d, \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{212}{255}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{212}{255}.133,5=\dfrac{9434}{85}\left(g\right)\)

e, \(C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{212}{255}}{\dfrac{106}{85}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)

 

a) 

Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b (mol)

=> 24a + 27b = 26,25 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{30,8}{22,4}=1,375\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2

             a-->2a--------->a------>a

            2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

             b---->3b------->b------>1,5b

=> a + 1,5b = 1,375 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,25 (mol); b = 0,75 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,25.24}{26,25}.100\%=22,857\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,75.27}{26,25}.100\%=77,143\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

nHCl = 2a + 3b = 2,75 (mol)

=> mHCl = 2,75.36,5 = 100,375 (g)

=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{100,375.100}{10}=1003,75\left(g\right)\)

c) 

mdd sau pư = 1003,75 + 26,25 - 1,375.2 = 1027,25 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.95}{1027,25}.100\%=2,312\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,75.133,5}{1027,25}.100\%=9,747\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O

nH2 = 0,15mol => nAl=0,1mol => mAl=2,7g; mAl2O3 = 10,2g => nAl2O3 = 0,1mol

=>%mAl=20,93% =>%mAl2O3 = 79,07%

b) nHCl = 0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9 mol=>mHCl(dd)=100g

mddY=12,9+100-0,15.2=112,6g

mAlCl3=22,5g=>C%=19,98%

9 tháng 12 2021

\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0.,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15.65=9,75(g)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{10}.100\%=97,5\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-97,5\%=2,5\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14\%}=78,21(g)\)