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\(n_{Al}=a;n_{Al_2O_3}=b\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+102b=23,1\\(a+2b)133,5=66,75\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,1;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{23,1}\cdot100=11,7\%\\ \%m_{Al_2O_3}=100-11,7=88,3\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,03.24=0,72\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,72}{1,74}.100\%\approx41,38\%\\\%m_{AlCl_3}\approx58,62\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,06.36,5=2,19\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{2,19}{500}.100\%=0,438\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, nH2 = 0,03 ( mol )
=> nMg = nH2 = 0,03 ( mol )
=> mMg = 0,72 g
=> %Mg \(\approx\) 41,38 % .
=> % Al \(\approx\) 58,62 % .
b, Có : nH2 = 0,03 mol
=> nHCl = nHCltừ Al2O3 + nHCltừ Mg = 0,06 + 0,06 = 0,12 ( mol )
=> mHCl = 4,38 ( g )
Lại có : mdd = mhh + mddHCl = 501,74 ( g )
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{m_{dd}}.100\%\approx0,87\%\)
( chắc đoạn trên là Al2O3 :vvvv )
Gọi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 102a + 65b = 2,505(1)
\(Al_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\)
Muối gồm : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:2a\left(mol\right)\\ZnCl_2:b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 133,5.2a + 136b = 6,045(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,015 ; b = 0,015
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{0,015.102}{2,505}.100\% = 61,08\%\\ \%m_{Zn} = 100\% - 61,08\% = 38,92\%\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{HCl} = 6a + 2b = 0,12(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,12.36,5}{200}.100\% = 2,19\%\)