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\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\\ CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\\ Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=0,5a\left(mol\right)\\ m_{hhB}=17,6\\ \Leftrightarrow56a+64.0,5a=17,6\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2+0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ \Rightarrow ddC:FeCl_2,HCldư\\ n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,2.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=17.6-0.2\cdot56=6.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6.4}{64}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0.1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_xO_y}=m_{hh}-m_{CuO}=24-8=16\left(g\right)\)
\(M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{0.2}{x}}=80x\left(đvc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow56x+16y=80x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24x=16y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{16}{24}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(CT:Fe_2O_3\)
\(Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2\ mol\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu} = \dfrac{17,6-0,2.56}{64} = 0,1\ mol\)
BTNT với Fe,Cu
\(n_{CuO} = n_{Cu} = 0,1\ mol\\ n_{Fe_xO_y} = \dfrac{n_{Fe}}{x} = \dfrac{0,2}{x}mol\)
Suy ra ;
\(0,1.80 + \dfrac{0,2}{x}.(56x+16y) = 24\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{x}{y} = \dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy oxit sắt cần tìm : Fe2O3
\(n_{H_2}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{Coi hỗn hợp là : kim loại M}\)
\(2M+2nHCl\rightarrow2MCl_n+nH_2\)
\(\text{Từ PTHH ta thấy : }\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{Bảo toàn khối lượng : }\)
\(m_{hh}+m_{HCl}=m_{Muối}+m_{H_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5+36.5\cdot2a=5.71+2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=0.01\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.01\cdot22.4=0.224\left(l\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe+H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{Bảo toàn khối lượng : }\)
\(m_{hh}=m_{kl}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=0.6+0.01\cdot18-0.01\cdot2=0.76\left(g\right)\)
Chọn C
m o x i t = m K L + m o x i → m o x i = m o x i t – m K L = 24 – 17 , 6 = 6 , 4 g a m .