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a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}:x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> x=0,2 ; y=0,1
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}.100==49,09\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=50,91\%\)
b) \(\Sigma n_{HCl}=3x+2y=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4\left(lít\right)\)
c) \(CM_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\)
\(CM_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25M\)
a/nH2= 0,1(mol)
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
0,1_________________0,1(mol)
=> mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g)
=> %mFe= (5,6/12).100\(\approx\) 46,667%
=> %mCu \(\approx\) 100% - 46,667% \(\approx\) 53,333%
b) mCu= 12-5,6=6,4(g) -> nCu= 0,1(mol)
Cu + 2 H2SO4(đ) -to-> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O
0,1___0,2__________________0,1(mol)
V=V(SO2,đktc)=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)
mH2SO4(p.ứ)=0,2.98=19,6(g)
=> mH2SO4(bđ)= 19,6 x 100/90 \(\approx21,778\left(g\right)\)
=> mddH2SO4 \(\approx\) (21,778 x 100)/98\(\approx22,222\left(g\right)\)
\(a)2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=0,25\\27a+56b=8,3\end{matrix}\right.\\ a=\dfrac{19}{470};b=\dfrac{121}{940}\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{8,3}\cdot100=13,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100-13,15=86,85\%\\ c)n_{HCl}=3\cdot\dfrac{19}{470}+2\cdot\dfrac{121}{940}=\dfrac{89}{235}mol\\ m_{ddHCl=}=\dfrac{\dfrac{89}{235}\cdot36,5}{7,3}\cdot100=189g\\ d)n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=\dfrac{19}{470}mol\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{121}{940}mol\)
\(m_{dd}=8,3+189-0,25.2=196,8g\\ C_{\%AlCl_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot133,8}{196,8}\cdot100=2,8\%\\ C_{\%FeCl_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{121}{940}127}{196,8}\cdot100=8,3\%\)
a)Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp ban đầu (x,y>0)
Sau phản ứng hỗn hợp muối khan gồm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:x\left(mol\right)\\FeCl_2:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=13,9\\133,5x+127y=38\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,0896\\y\approx0,205\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0896\cdot27\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx17,4\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,205\cdot56\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx82,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl, H ta có:\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{3n_{AlCl_3}+2n_{FeCl_2}}{2}\\ =\dfrac{3\cdot0,0896+2\cdot0,205}{2}=0,3394mol\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3394\cdot22,4\approx7,6l\)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{37,6}\cdot100\%\approx14,89\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=85,11\%\)
Bài 3:
PTHH: \(2HNO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=0,05\cdot1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{342\cdot5\%}{171}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{2}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit p/ứ hết, Bazơ còn dư sau p/ứ
\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa xanh
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HNO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,025\cdot261=6,525\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Cu+2H_2SO_4\left(đặcnóng\right)\rightarrow CuSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{20,8}.100\%\approx61,54\%\)
\(\%m_{CuO}=100\%-61,54\%=38,46\%\)
\(m_{H_2SO4_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2.100}{98}=40\left(g\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
x 2x x x
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
y 2y y y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\24x+56y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,15;y=0,35\)
\(a,m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{HCl}=\left(0,3+0,7\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{228}.100\%=16\%\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\\ n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=23,2\\a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,15;b=0,35mol\\ m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6g\\ m_{Fe}=23,2-3,6=19,6g\\ b.m_{HCl}=\left(0,15+0,35\right).2.36,5=36,5g\\ m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{228}\cdot100=16,01\%\)
1)2Al+6HCl ->2Al2Cl3+3H2
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
Gọi số mol của Al là x;Fe là y
ta có 2x*23+56y=8.3
3x+y=5.6/22.4
giải ra là xong hết bài 1 r nha