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Bt=4/2ab+3/(a^2+b^2)=1/2ab+3(1/2ab+1/a^2+b^2)
>=1/2ab+3.4/(a+b)^2(BĐT Cauchuy-Swartch)
>=2/4ab+12/(a+b)^2>=2(a+b)^2+12/(a+b)^2=14/(a+b)^2=1
Dấu= xảy ra khi a=b=1/2
\(ab+bc+ac=3\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{ab+1}\) ( đúng với mọi \(ab\ge1\))
Giả sử:\(ab\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{ab+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2c^2+2+ab+1}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\)
Giả sử: \(\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)(đúng)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(2c^2+ab+3\right)\ge3\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4c^2+2ab+6\ge3\left(abc^2+ab+c^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4c^2+2ab+6\ge3abc^2+3ab+3c^2+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2-ab-3abc^2+3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2-ab-3abc^2+ab+ac+bc\ge0\) ( vì \(ab+ac+bc=3\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2+ac+bc-3abc^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c+a+b-3abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c+a+b\ge3abc\)
Ta có:
\(3\left(c+a+b\right)=\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(c+a+b\right)\) ( vì \(ab+ac+bc=3\) )
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, ta có:
\(\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(c+a+b\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( đfcm )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(VT=3\left(\dfrac{1}{4ab}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+4b^2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2.a.2b}\ge\dfrac{12}{a^2+4ab+4b^2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(a+2b\right)^2}=14\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
Lời giải:
Bạn nhớ tới bổ đề sau: Với $a,b>0$ thì $a^3+b^3\geq ab(a+b)$.
Áp dụng vào bài:
$5a^3-b^3\leq 5a^3-[ab(a+b)-a^3]=6a^3-ab(a+b)$
$\Rightarrow \frac{5a^3-b^3}{ab+3a^2}\leq \frac{6a^3-ab(a+b)}{ab+3a^2}=\frac{6a^2-ab-b^2}{3a+b}=\frac{(3a+b)(2a-b)}{3a+b}=2a-b$
Tương tự:
$\frac{5b^3-c^3}{bc+3b^2}\leq 2b-c; \frac{5c^3-a^3}{ca+3c^2}\leq 2c-a$
Cộng theo vế:
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq a+b+c=3$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
Ta có \(-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}\ge-\dfrac{4ab^2}{2\sqrt{4b^2}}=\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b}=ab\)
\(-\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a^2+1}\ge-\dfrac{4a^2b}{2\sqrt{4a^2}}=\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a}=ab\)
Mà \(\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}=\dfrac{a\left(4b^2+1\right)}{4b^2+1}-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b\left(4a^2+1\right)}{4a^2+1}-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4a^2+1}\ge a-ab+b-ab=4ab-2ab=2ab\)
Mà \(a+b=4ab\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=4\ge\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{ab}}\Rightarrow4\sqrt{ab}\ge2\Rightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lời giải:
ĐK $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=4$
Đặt $\frac{1}{x}=a; \frac{1}{y}=b$ thì bài toán trở thành:
Cho $a,b>0$ thỏa mãn $a+b=4$. CMR:
$P=\frac{x^2}{y(x^2+4)}+\frac{y^2}{x(y^2+4)}\geq \frac{1}{2}$
-----------------------
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$\frac{x^2}{y(x^2+4)}+\frac{y(x^2+4)}{64}\geq \frac{x}{4}$
$\frac{y^2}{x(y^2+4)}+\frac{x(y^2+4)}{64}\geq \frac{y}{4}$
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
$P\geq \frac{3(x+y)-xy}{16}=\frac{12-xy}{16}$
Mà $xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=4$
$\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{12-4}{16}=\frac{1}{2}$
Ta có đpcm.
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{3}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}$
$\geq \frac{(1+1+1+1+1+1+1)^2}{2ab+2ab+2ab+2ab+a^2+b^2+a^2+b^2+a^2+b^2}=\frac{49}{8ab+3(a^2+b^2)}$
$=\frac{49}{3(a+b)^2+2ab}\geq \frac{49}{3(a+b)^2+\frac{(a+b)^2}{2}}=\frac{49}{3+\frac{1}{2}}=14$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{2}$