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gọi dãy số trên là A
ta có A<\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2014}\)=\(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
Vậy A < \(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
Xét \(4S=1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+\dfrac{4}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2014}{4^{2013}}\)
=> \(3S=4S-S=\left(1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2014}{4^{2013}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2014}{4^{2014}}\right)\)
=> \(3S=1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}-\dfrac{2014}{4^{2014}}< 1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}\)
Đặt \(A=1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}\)
=> \(4A=4+1+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2012}}\)
=> \(3A=4A-A=\left(4+1+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2012}}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}\right)\)
=> \(3A=4-\dfrac{1}{4^{2013}}< 4\)
=> \(A< \dfrac{4}{3}\)
=> \(3S< \dfrac{4}{3}\)
=> \(S< \dfrac{4}{9}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(4S=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+....+\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}\)
\(4S-S=3S=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+....+\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}-\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{3}{4^3}+....+\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\right)\)
\(3S=1+\left(\frac{2}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{4^2}-\frac{2}{4^2}\right)+......+\left(\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}-\frac{2013}{4^{2013}}\right)-\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\)
\(3S=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+.....+\frac{1}{4^{2013}}-\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\)
đặt \(A=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+....+\frac{1}{4^{2023}}\)
\(4A-A=4+1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.....+\frac{1}{4^{2022}}-\left(1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{4^{2023}}\right)\)
\(3A=4-\frac{1}{4^{2023}}\)
\(A=\frac{4}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2023}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3S=\frac{4}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2023}}-\frac{2014}{4^{2024}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{4}{9}-\frac{1}{9.4^{2023}}-\frac{2014}{3.4^{2024}}\)
do \(\frac{4}{9}< \frac{4}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{4}{9}-\frac{1}{9.4^{2023}}-\frac{2014}{3.4^{2024}}< \frac{4}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
nè mình gợi ý cho gọi a= 1-1/2-1/2^2-1/2^3-......... ......1/2^2014 1 / 2^2>1 / 2.3 1/2^3>1/3.4 ................ 1/2^2014<1/2014.2015 nen 1-1/2-1/2^2-1/2^3-.........................1/^2014>1-1/1.2-1/2.3-1/3.4-........................1/2014.2015 a<1-[1-1/2015] a<1-2014/2015 a<1/2015
Đặt \(A=1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}-...-\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\)(1)
=>\(\frac{1}{2}.A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}-...-\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\)(2)
Trừ (1) cho (2) theo vế ta được: \(A-\frac{1}{2}.A=1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\)
(chú ý quy tắc bỏ dấu ngoặc)
hay \(\frac{1}{2}.A=\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\)
=>\(A=\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
Vì 0 < 22014 < 22015 => \(\frac{1}{2^{2014}}>\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\) => điều phải chứng minh.
Ta có : A = 1/3 - 2/3^2 + 3/3^3 - 4/3^4 +...- 2014/3^2014
=> 3A = 1 - 2/3 + 3/3^2 - 4/3^3 +...- 2014/3^2013
=> 4A = 1- 1/3 + 1/3^2 -...- 1/3^2013 - 2014/3^2014
Xét B = 1-1/3+1/3^2 -...- 1/3^2013
=> 3B = 3 - 1 + 1/3 -...- 1/3^2012
=> 4B = 3- 1/3^2013
=> B = (3- 1/3^2013)/4 < 3/4
=> 4A < 3/4 - 2014/3^2014< 3/4
=> A < 3/16 < 3/15 =1/5
Vậy A < 1/5 (đpcm)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(A=2014.\left(1+\frac{1}{1+2}+\frac{1}{1+2+3}+...+\frac{1}{1+2+3+...+2013}\right)\)
\(A=2014.\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{1007.2013}\right)\)
\(A=2.2014.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\right)\)
\(A=2.2014.\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\right)\)
\(A=2.2014.\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)
\(A=2.2014.\left(1-\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)
\(A=2.2014.\frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(A=\frac{2.2014.2013}{2014}\)
\(A=2.2013\)
\(A=4026\)