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Đặt \(A=1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}-...-\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\)(1)
=>\(\frac{1}{2}.A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}-...-\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\)(2)
Trừ (1) cho (2) theo vế ta được: \(A-\frac{1}{2}.A=1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\)
(chú ý quy tắc bỏ dấu ngoặc)
hay \(\frac{1}{2}.A=\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\)
=>\(A=\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
Vì 0 < 22014 < 22015 => \(\frac{1}{2^{2014}}>\frac{1}{2^{2015}}\) => điều phải chứng minh.
Bài 1 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{10^{17}+1}{10^{18}+1}=\frac{\left(10^{17}+1\right).10}{\left(10^{18}+1\right).10}=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)
Mà : \(\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}>\frac{10^{18}+1}{10^{19}+1}\)
Mà \(A=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)nên \(A>B\)
Vậy \(A>B\)
Bài 2 :
Ta có :
\(S=\frac{2013}{2014}+\frac{2014}{2015}+\frac{2015}{2016}+\frac{2016}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{2014-1}{2014}+\frac{2015-1}{2015}+\frac{2016-1}{2016}+\frac{2013+3}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1-\frac{1}{2014}+1-\frac{1}{2015}+1-\frac{1}{2016}+1+\frac{3}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=4+\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2013}>\frac{1}{2014}>\frac{1}{2015}>\frac{1}{2016}\)nên \(\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)>0\)
Nên : \(M>4\)
Vậy \(M>4\)
Bài 3 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.......+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
Suy ra : \(A< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{3.5}+....+\frac{1}{99.101}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{2.4}+......+\frac{2}{99.101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}-......-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{99}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+......+\frac{1}{101}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Bài 4 :
\(a)A=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
\(b)\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+......+\frac{1}{x\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
\(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+......+\frac{2}{x.\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=1-\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2=2017\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2017-2=2015\)
Vậy \(x=2015\)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2016^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{2015.2016}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2016}=\frac{2015}{2016}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2016^2}< \frac{2015}{2016}\)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2016^2}>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2016.2017}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}...+\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2017}=\frac{2015}{4024}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2016^2}>\frac{2015}{4034}\)
vậy ta có điều cần chứng minh
| x | 7 | 9 | |||
| x2 | 49 | 81 | |||
| x2-49 | - | 0 | + | + | + |
| x2-81 | - | - | - | 0 | + |
| A | + | 0 | - | 0 | + |
dựa vào bảng ta có khi 7<x<9 thì A<0 vậy 7<x<9
b, ta có : \(\frac{2015}{1}\)+\(\frac{2014}{2}\)+\(\frac{2013}{3}\)+......+\(\frac{1}{2015}\)
=1+1+1+1......+1+\(\frac{2014}{2}\)+\(\frac{2013}{3}\)+.......+\(\frac{1}{2015}\)
(2015 số 1)
=1+(1+\(\frac{2014}{2}\))+(1+\(\frac{2013}{3}\))+........+(1+\(\frac{1}{2015}\))
=\(\frac{2016}{2016}\)+\(\frac{2016}{2}\)+\(\frac{2016}{3}\)+.........+\(\frac{2016}{2015}\)
=2016(\(\frac{1}{2016}\)+\(\frac{1}{2}\)+\(\frac{1}{3}\)+.........+\(\frac{1}{2015}\))
=2016(\(\frac{1}{2}\)+\(\frac{1}{3}\)+.......+\(\frac{1}{2015}\)+\(\frac{1}{2016}\))vậy x= 2016
\(A=\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\)
\(< \frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{1}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A< 2\left(đpcm\right)\)
chúc bạn học tốt!!!
Bài 6 :
2S = 6 + 3 + 3/2 + ... + 3/2^8
2S = 6 - 3/2^9 + S
S = 6 - 3/2^9
Vậy S = 6 - 3/2^9
Bài 7 :
Ta có :
A = 1/1 + 1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + ... + 1/50^2 < 1 + 1/(1x2) + 1/(2x3) + ... + 1/(49x50) = 1 + 1 - 1/50 < 1 + 1 = 2
=) A < 2
Vậy A < 2
Bài 8 :
Do A = 1 + 2/(2015^2014 - 1 ) và B = 1 + 2/(2015^2014 - 3 ) mà 2/(2015^2014 -1) < 2/(2015^2014 - 3 )
=) A < B
Vậy A < B
Bài 9:
Do 196/197 > 196/(197+198) và 197/198 > 197/(197+198)
=) A > B
Vậy A > B
\(\frac{1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2012}}{\frac{2013}{1}+\frac{2014}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+...+\frac{4024}{2012}-2012}\)
\(=\frac{1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2012}}{\left(\frac{2013}{1}-1\right)+\left(\frac{2014}{2}-1\right)+\left(\frac{2015}{3}-1\right)+...+\left(\frac{4024}{2012}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2012}}{\frac{2012}{1}+\frac{2012}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{2012}{2012}}\)
\(=\frac{1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2012}}{2012.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2012}\)
Ủng hộ mk nha ^_-
nè mình gợi ý cho gọi a= 1-1/2-1/2^2-1/2^3-......... ......1/2^2014 1 / 2^2>1 / 2.3 1/2^3>1/3.4 ................ 1/2^2014<1/2014.2015 nen 1-1/2-1/2^2-1/2^3-.........................1/^2014>1-1/1.2-1/2.3-1/3.4-........................1/2014.2015 a<1-[1-1/2015] a<1-2014/2015 a<1/2015