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Xét biểu thức phụ : \(\frac{1}{\left(2n+3\right)\sqrt{2n+1}+\left(2n+1\right)\sqrt{2n+3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}.\sqrt{2n+3}\left(\sqrt{2n+1}+\sqrt{2n+3}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2n+3}-\sqrt{2n+1}}{\sqrt{2n+1}.\sqrt{2n+3}\left[\left(2n+3\right)-\left(2n+1\right)\right]}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2n+3}-\sqrt{2n+1}}{2\sqrt{2n+1}.\sqrt{2n+3}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2n+3}}\right)\)với \(n\ge1\)
Áp dụng : \(S=\frac{1}{3\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{5}+5\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{5\sqrt{7}+7\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1}{101\sqrt{103}+103\sqrt{101}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\right)+...+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{101}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{103}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{101}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{103}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{103}}\right)\)
Áp dụng
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}<\frac{2}{\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n}}=2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)\)
có phải không?
a) \(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\)\(-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)\(=\frac{\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}\)\(=\frac{\left|\sqrt{5}+1\right|-\left|\sqrt{5}-1\right|}{\sqrt{2}}\)\(=\)\(\frac{\sqrt{5}+1-\sqrt{5}+1}{\sqrt{2}}\)\(=\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)
Tính
\(\frac{1}{2+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{101\sqrt{100}+100\sqrt{101}}\)
a) \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-5}{1-\sqrt{5}}\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\left[-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}{1-\sqrt{5}}\right]\cdot\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(=\left(-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(=-\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(=-\left(2-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(-3\right)\)
\(=3\)
b) Ta có:
\(x^2-x\sqrt{3}+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\cdot x+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Mà: \(\left(x-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên
\(\left(x-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(\left(x-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Vậy: GTNN của biểu thức là \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) tại \(x=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
a)
\(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-5}{1-\sqrt{5}}\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}}\\ =\left(-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}{1-\sqrt{5}}\right).\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =\left(-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right).\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =-\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\\ =-\left(\sqrt{2}^2-\sqrt{5}^2\right)\\ =-\left(2-5\right)\\ =-\left(-3\right)\\ =3\)
