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31 tháng 8 2018

\(N=5x^2+4y^2+4xy+4x\)

\(N=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)-1\)

\(N=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(2x+1\right)^2-1\)

Mà  \(\left(x+2y\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)

      \(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow N\ge-1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y=0\\2x+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=\frac{1}{4}\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)

Vậy ...

26 tháng 7 2018

a) \(5x^2-12xy+9y^2-4x+4=\left(4x^2-12xy+9y^2\right)+x^2-4x+4=\left(2x-3y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\)
b) \(-x^2-2y^2+12x-4y+7=-\left(x^2-12x+36\right)-2\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+45=-\left(x-6\right)^2-2\left(y+1\right)^2+45\le45\)

c)\(4y^2+10x^2+12xy+6x+7=\left(4y^2+12xy+9x^2\right)+x^2+6x+9-2=\left(2y+3x\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2-2\ge-2\)

d) \(3-10x^2-4xy-4y^2=3-\left(4y^2+4xy+x^2\right)-9x^2=-\left(2y+x\right)^2-9x^2+3\le3\)

e)\(x^2-5x+y^2-xy-4y+16=\left(\frac{1}{2}x^2-xy+\frac{1}{2}y^2\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-\frac{9}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x-5\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y-4\right)^2-\frac{9}{2}\ge-\frac{9}{2}\)Phần e) mới nghĩ đk v, tui biết đáp án sao do k xảy ra dấu bằng

31 tháng 8 2018

\(M=4x^2+4xy+2y\left(y-2\right)=4x^2+4xy+2y^2-4y.\)

\(=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-4\)

\(=\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-4\ge-4\)

MinM=-4

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}}\)

5 tháng 10 2021

\(A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+9\ge9\\ A_{min}=9\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ B=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{1}{8}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\\ B_{min}=\dfrac{1}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ C=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+2\left(2x+y\right)+1+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-4\\ C=\left[\left(2x+y\right)^2+2\left(2x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\\ C=\left(2x+y+1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\ge-4\\ C_{min}=-4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(D=\left(3x-1-2x\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\ D_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\\ G=\left(9x^2+6xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1\\ G=\left(3x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\\ G_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

5 tháng 10 2021

\(H=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(2y^2+4y+2\right)+2\\ H=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2\left(y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\\ H_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)

Ta luôn có \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\ge3xy+3yz+3xz\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow K\le3\\ K_{max}=3\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

 

NV
30 tháng 7 2021

\(C=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{2}\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(C_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(D=\left(16x^2+2x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)-\dfrac{1}{16}=\left(4x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}\ge-\dfrac{1}{16}\)

\(D_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{16}\) khi \(x=-\dfrac{1}{16}\)

\(E=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+2\)

\(E=\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)

\(E_{min}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

1 tháng 11 2020

a) Ta có A = x2 - 2x - 1 = (x2 - 2x + 1) - 2 = (x - 1)2 - 2 \(\ge\) -2 

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x - 1 = 0 => x = 1

Vậy Min A = -2 <=> x = 1 

b) Ta có B = 4x2 + 4x + 8 = (4x2 + 4x + 1) + 7 = (2x + 1)2 + 7 \(\ge\)7

Dấu |"=" xảy ra <=> 2x + 1 = 0 => x = -1/2

Vậy Min B = 7 <=> x = -1/2

c) Ta có C = 3x - x2 + 2

                 = -(x2 - 3x - 2)

                = -(x2 - 3x + 9/4 - 9/4 - 2)

                = -[(x - 3/2)2 - 17/4)

                 = -(x - 3/2)2 + 17/4 \(\le\frac{17}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x - 3/2 = 0 => x = 3/2

Vậy Max C = 17/4 <=> x = 3/2

d) Ta có D = -x2 - 5x = -(x2 + 5x) = -(x2 + 5x + 25/4 - 25/4) = -(x + 5/2)2 + 25/4 \(\ge\frac{25}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x + 5/2 = 0 => x = -5/2

Vậy Max D = 25/4 <=> x = -5/2

e) Ta có E = x2 - 4xy + 5y2 + 10x - 22y + 28

                  = (x2 - 4xy + 4y2) + 10x - 20y + y2 - 2y + 28

                 = (x - 2y)2 + 10(x - 2y) + 25 + (y2 - 2y + 1) + 2

                 = (x - 2y + 5) + (y - 1)2 + 2 \(\ge\)2

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy Min E = 2 <=> x = -3 ; y = 1

DD
2 tháng 11 2020

\(A=x^2-2x-1=x^2-2x+1-2=\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)

Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(x=1\). Vậy GTNN của \(A\)là \(-2\).

\(B=4x^2+4x+8=4x^2+4x+1+7=\left(2x+1\right)^2+7\ge7\)

Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\). Vậy GTNN của \(B\)là \(7\).

\(C=-x^2+3x+2=-x^2+2.\frac{3}{2}x-\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{17}{4}=-\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{17}{4}\le\frac{17}{4}\)

Dấu \(=\) xảy ra khi \(x=\frac{3}{2}\). Vậy GTLN của \(C\)là \(\frac{17}{4}\).

\(D=-x^2-5x=-x^2-2.\frac{5}{2}x-\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{25}{4}=-\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{25}{4}\le\frac{25}{4}\)

Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(x=\frac{-5}{2}\). Vậy GTLN của \(D\) là \(\frac{25}{4}\).

\(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)

\(=x^2+4y^2+25-4xy+10x-20y+y^2-2y+1+2\)

\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)

Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}}\). Vậy GTNN của \(E\) là \(2\).