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a) \(M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=40+\left(16+1\right).2=74\left(DvC\right)\)
\(\%Ca=\dfrac{40.1}{74}.100\%=54\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16.2}{74}.100\%=43\%\)
\(\%H=100\%-54\%-43\%=3\%\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40.1}{74}.100\%=54,054\%\\\%m_O=\dfrac{16.2}{74}.100\%=43,243\%\\\%m_H=\dfrac{2.1}{74}.100\%=2,703\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ba}=\dfrac{137.1}{208}.100\%=65,865\%\\\%Cl=\dfrac{35,5.2}{208}.100\%=34,135\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_K=\dfrac{39.1}{56}.100\%=69,643\%\\\%m_O=\dfrac{16.1}{56}.100\%=28,571\%\\\%m_H=\dfrac{1.1}{56}.100\%=1,786\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.2}{102}.100\%=52,94\%\\\%m_O=\dfrac{16.3}{102}.100\%=47,06\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23.2}{106}.100\%=43,396\%\\\%m_C=\dfrac{12}{106}.100\%=11,321\%\\\%m_O=\dfrac{16.3}{106}.100\%=45,283\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
g) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.1}{72}.100\%=77,78\%\\\%m_O=\dfrac{16.1}{72}.100\%=22,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
h) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{65.1}{161}.100\%=40,373\%\\\%m_S=\dfrac{32.1}{161}.100\%=19,876\%\\\%m_O=\dfrac{16.4}{161}.100\%=39,751\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
i) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Hg}=\dfrac{201.1}{217}.100\%=92,627\%\\\%m_O=\dfrac{16}{217}.100\%=7,373\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
k) \(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23.1}{85}.100\%=27,06\%;\%m_N=\dfrac{14.1}{85}.100\%=16,47\%\%;\%m_O=\dfrac{16.3}{85}.100\%=56,47\%\)
%Zn=\(\frac{65}{65+32+16.4}.100\%=40,37\%\)
%S=\(\frac{32}{65+32+16.4}.100\%=19,87\%\)
%O=100-19,87-40,37=39,76%
Các bài khác tương tự
\(M_{Fe(OH)_3}=56+17.3=107(đvC)\\ \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{56}{107}.100\%=52,34\%\\ \%_O=\dfrac{48}{107}.100\%=44,86\%\\ \%_H=100\%-52,34\%-44,86\%=2,8\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{56.1}{107}.100\%=52,336\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.3}{107}.100\%=44,86\%\\\%H=\dfrac{1.3}{107}.100\%=2,804\end{matrix}\right.\)
1: CaCl2 + 2AgNO3 ---> 2AgCl + Ca(NO3)2
2: 2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
3: P2O5 + 3H2O ---> 2H3PO4
4: 4FeO + O2 ---> 2Fe2O3
Câu 2:
MCaCO3 = 100(g/mol)
%Ca = \(\dfrac{40}{100}.100\%\)= 40%
%C = \(\dfrac{12}{100}.100\)% = 12%
%O = \(\dfrac{3.16}{100}\).100% = 48%
Câu 3:
nCO2 = \(\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}\)= 0,25 mol => mCO2 = 0,25.44 = 11 gam
nCO2 = \(\dfrac{9.10^{23}}{6,022.10^{23}}\)≃ 1,5 mol => mCO2 = 1,5. 44 = 66 gam
Câu 4:
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
nAl = 2,7/27 = 0,1 mol. Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng => nAlCl3 = nAl = 0,1 mol
=> mAlCl3 = 0,1.133,5 = 13,35 gam
Bài 1:
\(1,M_{MgCO_3}=84(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{84}.100\%=28,57\%\\ \%_{C}=\dfrac{12}{84}.100\%=14,29\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-28,57\%-14,29\%=57,14\% \end{cases}\)
\(2,M_{Al(OH)_3}=78(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{78}.100\%=31,62\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{3}{78}.100\%=3,85\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-31,62\%-3,85\%=64,53\% \end{cases}\)
\(3,M_{(NH_4)_2HPO_4}=132(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{N}=\dfrac{28}{132}.100\%=21,21\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{9}{132}.100\%=6,82\%\\ \%_{P}=\dfrac{31}{132}.100\%=23,48\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-23,48\%-6,82\%-21,21\%48,49\% \end{cases}\)
\(4,M_{C_2H_5COOCH_3}=88(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{C}=\dfrac{48}{88}.100\%=54,55\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{8}{88}.100\%=9,09\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-9,09\%-54,55\%=36,36\% \end{cases}\)
Bài 2:
\(c,\%_{Al(AlCl_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+35,5.3}.100\%=20,22\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2O_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+16.3}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%_{Al(AlBr_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+80.3}.100\%=10,11\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2S_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+32.3}.100\%=36\%\)
Vậy \(Al_2O_3\) có \(\%Al\) cao nhất và \(AlBr_3\) có \(\%Al\) nhỏ nhất
Cách tính :Phần trăm khối lượng = (khối lượng mol nguyên tố/khối lượng phân tử của hợp chất) x 100.
a)KOH
\(\%K=\frac{39}{39+1+16}.100=69,64\%\)
\(\%O=\frac{16}{39+1+16}.100=28,57\%\)
\(\%H=\frac{1}{39+1+16}.100=1,79\%\)
b)H2SO4 (M=2+32+4.16=98)
\(\%H=\frac{2}{98}.100=2,04\%\)
\(\%S=\frac{32}{98}.100=32,65\%\)
\(\%O=\frac{4.16}{98}.100=65,31\%\)
c)Fe2(CO3)3(M=56.2+(12+3.16).3=292)
\(\%Fe=\frac{56.2}{292}.100=38,36\%\)
\(\%C=\frac{12.3}{292}.100=12,33\%\)
\(\%O=\frac{16.3.3}{292}.100=49,31\%\)
Tương tự với các hợp chất còn lại, áp dụng công thức đã cho